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Fixing UNMOUNTABLE_BOOT_VOLUME on Windows XP

2008-10-07T09:20:00.002+07:00

It failed with UNMOUNTABLE_BOOT_DEVICE STOP: 0x000000ED

(0xaddress,0xC0000006,0x00000000,0x000000)

I searched the net. Found several articles but not really anything that seem 'correct'. Finally, I found an article on Experts-Exchange.com. Well, I could not get to the answers as I do not have an account, but sometime Google's caching feature are very useful...

So this is how I did it based on the answers I found - Start the recovery console. If you do not have it installed - or when that version does not work - like in this case, boot from an installation CD and select R for repair. You can easily mix languages - I used an English CD on

a Danish Windows

Run these command -

chkdsk c: /r /p

fixmbr

exit (to reboot)

That is it.

Bad Diskette Data Recovery

2008-05-29T09:58:00.002+07:00

Here's a fairly standard way of recovering data from diskettes that have bad sectors:

1: Protect the diskette

Windows 9x will write to every diskette it sees, even if you don't do so yourself. Specifically, it writes a tracking ID to the boot record of the diskette, so it can determine whether a different diskette is in the drive. Should the drive be faulty or misaligned, or the diskette be frail, this process could corrupt the first track and render the diskette unreadable. I don't know whether NT (including Windows 2000 and XP) behave the same way as Win9x in this regard.

So the first thing to do is to open the write-protect tab in order to prevent further damage! As a general rule, I treat the write-protect tab much as I would the safety catch on a gun; it stays "safe" unless I'm planning on writing to it.

2: Get out of Windows

Windows is generally a bad place to attempt anything that involves potential hardware error conditions. You'd think after two decades of writing Disk Operating Systems, Microsoft would be able to handle disk errors gracefully, but Win9x tends to lose its marbles in cases where DOS would have thrown up an ARF message and carried on truckin'.

What comes next requires direct (raw) disk access anyway, which modern Windows precludes - so get thee to DOS mode!

3: Prepare a target diskette

Format an error-free blank diskette, then fill this diskette with a single large file. The easiest way to do that is to start an archive to the diskette that would span multiple diskettes, then abort this after the diskette is filled.

If you anticipate holes in the data cluster area of the original diskette, then you can do yourself a favor by filling the data cluster area of the target diskette with a repeated unique string, e.g. "!!_BAD_SECTOR_!!" - i.e. something that a Find won't find anywhere under normal circumstances, and that will align nicely in 512 bytes (e.g. this 16-byte example).

4: Peel off the contents of original diskette

I use "Norton" DiskEdit for this, but if you have a raw diskette copying utility that will do the job without having hissy fits about what it can't read, then use that instead. In fact, if that utility is smart enough to copy directly to another diskette while leaving any unreadable sectors untouched on the target, then you can do the next step at the same time.

I usually PgDn through the raw pysical sectors on the sick diskette until I get a disk error. I ballpoint that CHS address, then select all physical sectors up to but excluding that sector. Then I write these sectors to a file (e.g. A1.SEC) somewhere on the hard drive (e.g. C:\BAD-DISK). Then I repeat this process, noting down all bad sector addresses and saving what is good in successively-numbered files (e.g. A2.SEC, A3.SEC, A4.SEC etc.)

5: Splat the contents onto the target diskette

Taking care to do this in the right order, and to ensure each slab of saved sectors starts at the correct CHS (raw physical disk) address, I then load each of the saved files into DiskEdit and write these to the target diskette as raw sectors.

Don't confuse logical sector numbering with physical sector addressing, which is often shown in CHS form.

6: Copy off and test the files

You may still have file system issues to contend with; there may be wads of garbage in your files, and if the files on the original diskette were fragmented or oddly ordered and were chained via lost sectors in the FAT, then you may have incorrect data clusters in the files. But at least you aren't fighting two battles at the same time; logical errors plus a collapsing disk surface.

7: Resolve FAT errors

Where there were missing sectors in the FAT, but the files were unfragmented and saved in a first-to-last order with no deletions, you should find the data clusters chained into the files will be correct - because you effectively created a "flat-FAT" at step (3), and where step (5) left this FAT showing through, the chaining would have been appropriate.

However, if there are chaining errors, it is still possible to fix these, even if the corresponding sectors in both copies of the FAT are both corrupted. Any non-zero or non-"special" cluster address should occur only once in a FAT, so you can narrow down the search for loose data clusters by looking for addresses that appear both in the "flat-FAT" show-through and the real FAT as successfully lifted off the original diskette. Resolve duplicates (which are crosslinks) in favor of the original FAT, i.e. chain out what is in the "flat-FAT" so that no duplicates remain - using addresses that don't appear anywhere in the original FAT.

Some cluster addresses won't appear in the FAT because they are the first clusters of a file or subdirectory, and it's easy to look those up by looking at the root and other directories and ballpointing all the start cluster addresses there. Any addresses not accounted for in the original FAT or directory entries may be assumed to constitute the cluster chains held within the bad sectors lost from the original FAT.

8: Spot and fix missing data sectors

You can load the salvaged files into an ASCII viewer, and look for the unique string you used in step (3). You should find 512-byte wads of these wherever a data sector could not be read off the original diskette, leaving the filled data cluster contents from step (3) in place.

If there are multiple similar copies of the same file on the diskette (e.g. BLAH.DOC and BLAH.BAK), then you can lift the corresponding sector from the heathier file and paste it into the hole in the damaged one. The chances of successfully fixing binary files (such as spreadsheets) via such shenannigans are small, but at least with a word processor document file, you can load it into Edit and strip out binary stuff to leave editable text.

PCMAV 1.2

2008-05-12T09:42:00.028+07:00

PC Media of Antivirus 1.2, opening to public. At this rilis, PCMAV can recognize 1.789 virus along with its variant which reported many to disseminate wide in Indonesia, including among others ServMouse virus and various virus variant of VBS
At PCMAV 1.1 previously, there are PCMAV cleaner bug IF run PCMAV Cleaner at Windows Vista operating system base. Routine Bug from inspection of memory, which can result PCMAV crash even can result blue screen at Vista, nowadays have earned to be overcome by PCMAV 1.2. Some other bug have also been repaired in 1.2 version. Forgiveness of this instabilish and we say thank you to You of report of bug PCMAV to us.

WHAT NEWS?

Enhanced, identification database and cleaner 107 virus of local/foreign/variant new which reported disseminate in Indonesia. Totalize 1.789 virus along with its variant which circulating many in Indonesia have been recognized by 1.2 version this by PCMAV internal engine.
Improved, special routine mistake which check type virus of VBSCRIPT in memory at PCMAV Cleaner, which can result crash in Windows Vista.
Optimize, engine handling the problem of file hooking at PCMAV Realtime Protector.
Repaired, memory scan engine arranging for the virus of type of VBSCRIPT Encoded (VBE). Nowadays earn more accurate in detecting attendance of this virus in memory.
Optimize, commisioned engine to check integrity of file of PCMAV Cleaner and of Realtime Protector.
Repaired, some bug of Realtime Protector which only happened at certain computer, which can result RTP crash. And also other problem which is usually resulted from “ Plug And Play” of peripheral of USB or of Flash Disk.
Repaired, other bug at Realtime Protector resulting error violation access which because of less as perfect as process of inisialisasi pointer accessing certain memory address.
Improvization, report bug engine able to report mistake that happened at PCMAV Realtime Protector.
Optimaze, scan engine and of clean with code optimalizing so that can be accessed is quicker, and repairing of some routine which can cause memory of leak, and also followed with addition of tighter handling error.
Enhanced, new heuristic able to recognize new variant of virus which disseminating many.
Repaired, mistake detect (alarm false at some program and or script also at program which compiled use Quick Batch File Compiler.
Renewed, change some name of virus follow new variant which found.
Repair some is minor bug of improvisasi internal code to ensure that PCMAV Cleaner & PCMAV Realtime Protector more than merely ordinary antivirus.

Amburadul: Update Build1
Build1 update for PCMAV have opened. Counted 8 new virus which reported many to disseminate in Indonesia succeed to be overcome by Update of Build1 this. To You consumer of PCMAV 1.2 very suggested immediately update, so that PCMAV You earn to recognize and eradicate virus more amount of.

Amburadul. local Virus Brand which [is] one this, griped many by readers of PC Media. PCMAV 1.2 Build1 have recognized two variant of this virus namely Amburadul.A and of Amburadul.B of the size [about/around] 52Kb and in a state of compress. Virus which attend with device look like default icon for file draw this, will make new directory to put file - its mains file by the name of ~A~m~B~u~R~a~D~u~L~² which under directory of System32 Windows. Name of virus mains file [is] also made to look like file of system Windows like csrss.exe, lsass.exe, winlogon.exe and others. In its action, he will make duplicate file of x'self at root drive, for example by the name of Friendster Community.Exe, J3Mbatan K4Hayan.Exe, Myimages.Exe, and many name of other file especially smelling pornography to draw attention user. As well as making file of autorun.inf so that earning automatic running of moment of user access gone to drive. Is not limited in one just place is, because us even also will find more amount of artificial file of this virus in angle of victim computer. To inform its attendance, this virus even also will present its message at caption in Internet Explorer.

Additional Virus List of PCMAV 1.2 Update of Build1:
Amburadul.A
Amburadul.B
Amburadul.inf
Danoe.vbs
Danoe.vbs.inf
Nita-Mahadewa.vbs.B
Paesa.vbs
Paesa.vbs.inf

Download PCMAV 1.2 update of Build1 with Library Clamav 0.9x.

Update of Build2
A number of 8 new virus which reported many to disseminate in Indonesia succeed to be enhanced by Update of Build2 this. Totalize addition of virus Update this Build2 is counted 16 virus.

To get and use update of PCMAV this, ascertaining beforehand PCMAV Realtime Protector do not medium walk. If YES, You have to close the the application beforehand. Then You enough run PCMAV Cleaner ( PCMAV-CLN.EXE), it is of course computer have to in a state of active incircuit to Internet (non-proxy). Fitur Getupdates of PCMAV automatically will give address of internet active where You can update file mendownload. Putting down file result of download (PCMAV.VDB) into folder where PCMAV reside in. If previously have there are file update old ones, You enough befalling it. And wait Your moment again run PCMAV, he have in a state of condition of updated

But to You which wish to get the update file manually, You can downloading this file.

Euis: compiled Virus use Visually of This Basic have spelled out members file size measure very big, namely around 3,4Mb without compressed. At infection computer, this virus will present its message early. He also will eliminate some menu of Start Menu, blacking out to access to some Windows tools like Task Manager, Regedit, Folder Options, as well as trying to remove antivirus which is possibility attached in victim computer. Known, this virus even also file infection can other executable by putting file which is infection under its body.

Additional Virus List of PCMAV 1.2 Update of Build2:
Akmal.vbs
Akmal.vbs.inf
Alzheim
Amburadul.A
Amburadul.B
Amburadul.inf
Danoe.vbs
Danoe.vbs.inf
Emil
Emil.vbs
Euis
Gen.FFE-Master
Gen.FFE-Master.txt
Nita-Mahadewa.vbs.B
Paesa.vbs
Paesa.vbs.inf

Computer POST / beep codes

2008-03-29T11:24:00.011+07:00

POST ABCs
The computer POST (Power On Self Test) tests the computer, insuring that it meets the necessary system requirements and that all hardware is working properly before starting the remainder of the boot process. If the computer passes the POST the computer will have a single beep (with some computer BIOS manufacturers it may beep twice) as the computer starts and the computer will continue to start normally. However, if the computer fails the POST, the computer will either not beep at all or will generate a beep code, which tells the user the source of the problem.

The steps of a POST
Each time the computer boots up the computer must past the POST. Below is the common steps a POST performs each time your computer starts.

Test the power supply to ensure that it is turned on and that it releases its reset signal.
CPU must exit the reset status mode and thereafter be able to execute instructions.
BIOS checksum must be valid, meaning that it must be readable.
CMOS checksum must be valid, meaning that it must be readable.
CPU must be able to read all forms of memory such as the memory controller, memory bus, and memory module.
The first 64KB of memory must be operational and have the capability to be read and written to and from, and capable of containing the POST code.
I/O bus / controller must be accessible.
I/O bus must be able to write / read from the video subsystem and be able to read all video RAM.

If the computer does not pass any of the above tests, your computer will receive an irregular POST. An irregular POST is a beep code that is different from the standard one or two beeps. This could be either no beeps at all or a combination of different beeps indicating what is causing the computer not to past the POST.

If you're receiving an irregular POST document CH000607 contains all the steps a user can do to resolve the issue or help determine what hardware has failed in the computer so it can be replaced. If you're getting a beep code the remainder of this page contains a listing of each of the major manufacturers beep codes and what they each mean. Index

AMI BIOS beep codes
Below are the AMI BIOS Beep codes that can occur. However, because of the wide variety of different computer manufacturers with this BIOS, the beep codes may vary.

1 short - DRAM refresh failure - CH000996
2 short- Parity circuit failure - CH000607
3 short - Base 64K RAM failure - CH000996
4 short - System timer failure - CH000607
5 short - Process failure - CH000607
6 short - Keyboard controller Gate A20 error - CH000383
7 short - Virtual mode exception error - CH000607
8 short - Display memory Read/Write test failure - CH000607
9 short - ROM BIOS checksum failure - CH000607
10 short - CMOS shutdown Read/Write error - CH000239
11 short - Cache Memory error - CH000607
1 long, 3 short - Conventional/Extended memory failure - CH000996
1 long, 8 short - Display/Retrace test failed - CH000607

AWARD BIOS beep codes
Below are Award BIOS Beep codes that can occur. However, because of the wide variety of different computer manufacturers with this BIOS, the beep codes may vary.

1 long, 2 short - Indicates a video error has occurred and the BIOS cannot initialize the video screen to display any additional information - CH000607
Any other beep(s) - RAM problem - CH000996

If any other correctable hardware issues, the BIOS will display a message.

IBM BIOS beep codes
Below are IBM BIOS Beep codes that can occur. However, because of the wide variety of models shipping with this BIOS, the beep codes may vary.

No Beeps - No Power, Loose Card, or Short. - CH000312
1 Short Beep - Normal POST, computer is ok. - No problem
2 Short Beep - POST error, review screen for error code. - See screen
Continuous Beep - No Power, Loose Card, or Short. - CH000607
Repeating Short Beep - No Power, Loose Card, or Short. - CH000607
One Long and one Short Beep - Motherboard issue. - CH000607
One Long and Two Short Beeps - Video (Mono/CGA Display Circuitry) issue. - CH000607
One Long and Three Short Beeps. - Video (EGA) Display Circuitry. - CH000607
Three Long Beeps - Keyboard / Keyboard card error. - CH000304
One Beep, Blank or Incorrect Display - Video Display Circuitry. - CH000607

Macintosh startup tones

Error Tone. (two sets of different tones) - Problem with logic board or SCSI bus.
Startup tone, drive spins, no video - Problem with video controller.
Powers on, no tone. - Logic board problem.
High Tone, four higher tones. - Problem with SIMM.

Phoenix BIOS beep codes
Below are the beep codes for PHOENIX BIOS Q3.07 OR 4.X

1-1-1-3 = Verify Real Mode.
1-1-2-1 = Get CPU type.
1-1-2-3 = Initialize system hardware.
1-1-3-1 = Initialize chipset registers with initial POST values.
1-1-3-2 = Set in POST flag.
1-1-3-3 = Initialize CPU registers.
1-1-4-1 = Initialize cache to initial POST values.
1-1-4-3 = Initialize I/O.
1-2-1-1 = Initialize Power Management.
1-2-1-2 = Load alternate registers with initial POST values.
1-2-1-3 = Jump to UserPatch0.
1-2-2-1 = Initialize keyboard controller.
1-2-2-3 = BIOS ROM checksum.
1-2-3-1 = 8254 timer initialization.
1-2-3-3 = 8237 DMA controller initialization.
1-2-4-1 = Reset Programmable Interrupt Controller.
1-3-1-1 = Test DRAM refresh.
1-3-1-3 = Test 8742 Keyboard Controller.
1-3-2-1 = Set ES segment to register to 4 GB.
1-3-3-1 = 28 Autosize DRAM.
1-3-3-3 = Clear 512K base RAM.
1-3-4-1 = Test 512 base address lines.
1-3-4-3 = Test 512K base memory.
1-4-1-3 = Test CPU bus-clock frequency.
1-4-2-4 = Reinitialize the chipset.
1-4-3-1 = Shadow system BIOS ROM.
1-4-3-2 = Reinitialize the cache.
1-4-3-3 = Autosize cache.
1-4-4-1 = Configure advanced chipset registers.
1-4-4-2 = Load alternate registers with CMOS values.
2-1-1-1 = Set Initial CPU speed.
2-1-1-3 = Initialize interrupt vectors.
2-1-2-1 = Initialize BIOS interrupts.
2-1-2-3 = Check ROM copyright notice.
2-1-2-4 = Initialize manager for PCI Options ROMs.
2-1-3-1 = Check video configuration against CMOS.
2-1-3-2 = Initialize PCI bus and devices.
2-1-3-3 = Initialize all video adapters in system.
2-1-4-1 = Shadow video BIOS ROM.
2-1-4-3 = Display copyright notice.
2-2-1-1 = Display CPU type and speed.
2-2-1-3 = Test keyboard.
2-2-2-1 = Set key click if enabled.
2-2-2-3 = 56 Enable keyboard.
2-2-3-1 = Test for unexpected interrupts.
2-2-3-3 = Display prompt "Press F2 to enter SETUP".
2-2-4-1 = Test RAM between 512 and 640k.
2-3-1-1 = Test expanded memory.
2-3-1-3 = Test extended memory address lines.
2-3-2-1 = Jump to UserPatch1.
2-3-2-3 = Configure advanced cache registers.
2-3-3-1 = Enable external and CPU caches.
2-3-3-3 = Display external cache size.
2-3-4-1 = Display shadow message.
2-3-4-3 = Display non-disposable segments.
2-4-1-1 = Display error messages.
2-4-1-3 = Check for configuration errors.
2-4-2-1 = Test real-time clock.
2-4-2-3 = Check for keyboard errors
2-4-4-1 = Set up hardware interrupts vectors.
2-4-4-3 = Test coprocessor if present.
3-1-1-1 = Disable onboard I/O ports.
3-1-1-3 = Detect and install external RS232 ports.
3-1-2-1 = Detect and install external parallel ports.
3-1-2-3 = Re-initialize onboard I/O ports.
3-1-3-1 = Initialize BIOS Data Area.
3-1-3-3 = Initialize Extended BIOS Data Area.
3-1-4-1 = Initialize floppy controller.
3-2-1-1 = Initialize hard-disk controller.
3-2-1-2 = Initialize local-bus hard-disk controller.
3-2-1-3 = Jump to UserPatch2.
3-2-2-1 = Disable A20 address line.
3-2-2-3 = Clear huge ES segment register.
3-2-3-1 = Search for option ROMs.
3-2-3-3 = Shadow option ROMs.
3-2-4-1 = Set up Power Management.
3-2-4-3 = Enable hardware interrupts.
3-3-1-1 = Set time of day.
3-3-1-3 = Check key lock.
3-3-3-1 = Erase F2 prompt.
3-3-3-3 = Scan for F2 key stroke.
3-3-4-1 = Enter SETUP.
3-3-4-3 = Clear in-POST flag.
3-4-1-1 = Check for errors
3-4-1-3 = POST done--prepare to boot operating system.
3-4-2-1 = One beep.
3-4-2-3 = Check password (optional).
3-4-3-1 = Clear global descriptor table.
3-4-4-1 = Clear parity checkers.
3-4-4-3 = Clear screen (optional).
3-4-4-4 = Check virus and backup reminders.
4-1-1-1 = Try to boot with INT 19.
4-2-1-1 = Interrupt handler error.
4-2-1-3 = Unknown interrupt error.
4-2-2-1 = Pending interrupt error.
4-2-2-3 = Initialize option ROM error.
4-2-3-1 = Shutdown error.
4-2-3-3 = Extended Block Move.
4-2-4-1 = Shutdown 10 error.
4-3-1-3 = Initialize the chipset.
4-3-1-4 = Initialize refresh counter.
4-3-2-1 = Check for Forced Flash.
4-3-2-2 = Check HW status of ROM.
4-3-2-3 = BIOS ROM is OK.
4-3-2-4 = Do a complete RAM test.
4-3-3-1 = Do OEM initialization.
4-3-3-2 = Initialize interrupt controller.
4-3-3-3 = Read in bootstrap code.
4-3-3-4 = Initialize all vectors.
4-3-4-1 = Boot the Flash program.
4-3-4-2 = Initialize the boot device.
4-3-4-3 = Boot code was read OK.

Change Path Drive on XP

2008-03-28T16:34:00.014+07:00

If you use eksternal drive (ex. Flash Disk), we still recornized and change path drive which you want....

Follow these steps:
1. Find "My Computer" Icon, right click and choose "manage"

2. Double click "Disk Management"

3. Select drive/disk you want and right click, choose "Change Drive Letter and Paths..."

4. Selet tab "Change" and assign your new following drive letter

5. Clik "OK" and close "Computer Management" window

PC Media AntiVirus (PCMAV) 1.1

2008-03-22T12:30:00.000+07:00

PC Media of Antivirus 1.1 opening public. This rilis, PCMAV can recognize 1.682 virus along with its variant which reported many to disseminate wide in Indonesia.

Download PCMAV 1.1

WHAT NEWS IN PCMAV 1.1 ( CLEANER & REALTIME PROTECTOR)?

Enhanced, identification database and cleaner 67 virus of local/foreign/new variant which reported disseminate in Indonesia. Totalize 1.682 virus along with its variant which circulating many in Indonesia have been recognized by internal engine PCMAV version 1.1.
Improvization, module integrate ClamAV. Because new ClamAV library have been updated to become version 0.92, then there are some difference of structure of header of library. If previously there are difficulty in integrating this new ClamAV, nowadays have earned to be overcome and ClamAV earn integrated better.
Optimaze, memory scan engine especially in overcoming type virus of VBSCRIPT which now disseminating many wide in Indonesia. Scan memory Engine nowadays earn more optimal in reading every active process following parameter used by process.
Enhanced, special cleaner engine able to repair file . JPG which is infection by virus of Sangperawan.
Improvization, at auto update of PCMAV module. And naming of file update since 1.1 becoming PCMAV.VDB.
Improvization, routine the arranging the problem of information appearance if there is virus interdicted by RTP.
Renewed, change some name of virus follow new variant which found.
To be repaired, mistake detect (alarm false) at some program and or script.
Repair some minor bug and improvization internal code to ensure that PCMAV Cleaner & PCMAV Realtime Protector more than merely ordinary antivirus.

Reva.vbs: 1.1 - Update Build1
7 new virus which reported many to disseminate in Indonesia succeed to be overcome by Update Build1. To You consumer of PCMAV 1.1 very suggested immediately update, so that PCMAV You earn to recognize and eradicate more virus, especially type virus of VBS which reported many to disseminate wide in this time

To get and use update of PCMAV this, ascertaining beforehand PCMAV Realtime Protector do not working. If working, you have to close the the application beforehand. Then you enough run PCMAV Cleaner (PCMAV-CLN.EXE), it is of course computer have to in a state of active incircuit to Internet (non-proxy). Fitur Getupdates of PCMAV automatically will give address of internet active where you can downloaded update file. Putting down file result of download ( PCMAV.VDB) into folder where PCMAV saving. If previously have there are file update old ones, You enough replace it. And wait Your moment again run PCMAV, he have in a state of updated condition.

But, if you which wish to get the update file manually, You can be downloading.

Reva.Vbs. Again, virus type of VBSCRIPT goodly griped many by some reader. Recognized by PCMAV 1.1 Update Build1 this as Reva.Vbs. He will try to propagate x'self to every drive to your computer including flashdisk drive. At infection drive will there are file of reva.vbs, autorun.inf, and shaheedan.jpg. Besides, he even also will alter page default of Internet Explorer to flange http://www.arrahmah.com site.

Alliing PCMAV with virus ClamAV database
So that PCMAV 1.1 Final of Release downloaded can recognize the more or virus of malware other, you earn alliing it with ClamAV. Guidance to do so earn you can see at readme.txt file figured in. To integrate PCMAV with ClamAV use ClamAV library 0.9x version, you earn doing same thing likes on this page.

Parameter able to be used at PCMAV 1.1

/ REGSHELL - to present choice " With PCMAV Scan" at the right click of file scanned.
/ UNREGSHELL - to undisplay choice " With PCMAV Scan".
/ FORCE - permiting PCMAV to force to to clean file infection.
/ REGCLEAN - trying to return and registry of setting " Tools Folder Options" to condition of default.
/ NOMEM - needn't memory scan.
/ NOSTARTUP - needn't scan at the PCMAV startup.
/ NOUPDATE - needn't check update.

Mail Merge 2007

2008-02-23T09:47:00.000+07:00

Mail Merge Wizard

To start the Mail Merge in the new Word 2007, click on the Mailings tab. The Ribbon, the groups of commands you see on each tab, replaces the toolbars and menus. Commands are organized in groups related to activities such as you see below in the Create, Start Mail Merge, and Write & Insert Fields groups on the Mailings tab.

When you click on the arrow beside Start Mail Merge, a drop-down list appears as shown below. Select the last option, “Step by Step Mail Merge Wizard.”

This brings up the task pane as shown below. Select Letters (or whatever type you want) as the type of document and then click on the “Next: Starting document” link at the bottom of the task pane to go to the next step to select your starting document.

Selecting a Template

You have options to use the current document you have open, to select a template, or to browse to an existing document not open. For this practice, select “Start from a template.” This brings up a link you click on to “Select template.”

This opens the “Select Template” dialog box shown. Select the “Letters” tab and choose “Oriel Merge Letter.” Click on OK.

This takes you to Step 3 in the Mail Merge process in which you “Select recipients.”

Selecting Recipients

Select “Use an existing list” and click on the “Browse” link. Locate and open the file containing your data source. For this exercise, use the MailMergeList.xls.

This opens the following dialog box in which you select the table (the named range defined within Excel) containing the mail merge recipients info you want to pull into the merge fields in your document. Select “seminar” or “training” or whatever you named the range in your spreadsheet containing the names and addresses you want to use for the mail merge ("attendees" is the defined range selected as shown below).

Make sure to check the box indicating that the “First row of data contains column headers” so that the field labels (Last Name, First Name, Address1, etc.) on your spreadsheet won’t be mistaken for data.

This opens the Mail Merge Recipients dialog box shown below. Here you can select which recipients to include or deselect by unchecking the check box by the name.

You can sort and filter the list using the drop-down list located on each field name indicated by the triangular black arrow. Note there are also links to Sort and Filter or Find Duplicates and recipients in the “Refine recipient list” section.

Click on the link “Next: Write your letter” to go on to the next step to edit the mail merge template letter content.

Inserting Merge Fields

Notice that the Address Block and Greeting Line fields are already inserted into this template letter. If you weren’t using a preformatted mail merge letter, you would just simply click on the links on the right to insert the Address block, Greeting line, or more items (more merge fields). You also have these same options on the Mailings toolbar at the top—you don’t have to use the wizard each time you do a mail merge. Pick the date and replace the letter content with your own and then go on to the next step to preview your letters by clicking on the link at the bottom of the task panel.

Matching Fields

When you click on the Address block link, the following dialog box appears in which you can choose the format of the address. Also, you can click on the Match Fields button to match the missing address field (the Match Fields button is also on the Mailings tab in the "Write and Insert Fields" grouping).

Clicking on the Match Fields button brings up the following dialog box. Use the Address 1 drop-down list to select the Street field name from the Excel spreadsheet.

Previewing Results

You have buttons on both the Preview Results group on the Mailings ribbon as well as the task pane to look at different recipient info before going on to the next step to complete the merge.

Completing the Merge

When you click on the link, “Next: Complete the merge,” the following appears:

Click on the link “Edit individual letters” which you can see from the screen tip is the link to “Merge to new document.” This is also a button on the "Finish & Merge" dropdown list on the Mailings Ribbon.

The Print link on the Task Pane or Print Documents on the Ribbon dropdown list allows you to merge directly to the printer. When you click on the link to edit the letters, the following dialog box appears:

You can choose whether to merge all or selected records. Click OK and then a new merged document entitled Letters1 is created. It contains the individual letters for each recipient. If you look at the status bar, you will see that it indicates multiple letters.

Saving

Save your work by clicking on the new Office button which replaces the file menu.

Select "Save As" to view the new options for saving in different formats.

The new "default" file format is .docx, a new file format for Word documents. It is one of the new Office XML formats. You also have the option to save in the Word 97-2003 format so that your file is compatible with those versions and can be opened in them. However, with earlier versions of Word, you can open a file created in the 2007 version by going to the Download Center at the Microsoft site and downloading the Microsoft Office Compatibility Pack for 2007 Office Word, Excel and PowerPoint File Formats.

Combine PCMAV Final Release with ClamAV 0.9x Library

2008-02-20T11:04:00.000+07:00

I have ever studied merger of PCMAV with Clamav library, as for the used ClamAV library version 0.8. Merger of PCMAV with clamAV virus database by exploiting clamAV library 0.8 will yield 98 thousands of addition of virus of signature. Usage of v0.9x clamAV library drastically improve the amount of virus recognized by PCMAV become 200 thousand more virus of signature.

Required
To join PCMAV with ClamAV v0.9x needed are:
1. PCMAV (PCMAV-CLN.EXE and or PCMAV-RTP.EXE)
2. ClamAV Library version 0.91.2 (libclamav.dll)
3. POSIX Threads library for the Windows32 (pthreadVC2.dll)
4. Virus database of ClamAV Main and daily (main.cvd and daily.cvd)

Appearance folder : PCMAV and clamAV 0.91.2 library

Way of running
After all complete above mentioned file and packed into one folder, PCMAV is ready to run, please select;choose to run PCMAV-CLN or of PCMAV-RTP and or both. After run and there no message of error which emerge to mean PCMAV have succeeded to walk with clamAV library. PCMAV will present info of[is amount of virus of signature existing, in example which I wear there are 206.422

Appearance of Info the Amount of Virus Signature

Some Note

Used ClamAV Library version 0.91.2
Possibility PCMAV not yet Clamav version library support 0.92.x, moment tried with the library emerge message of error
Usage of Clamav library will make process of loading PCMAV become longerly, because moment of scanning module etc, database of clamAV follow to be used
Loading process early moment of PCMAV run can be quickened with mendisable process scanning at the time of up start by enhancing parameter / NOSTARTUP at the time of running PCMAV

ClamAV 0.91.2 library downloaded : Ziddu.com

PCMAV 1.0 Final Release

2008-02-20T09:35:00.000+07:00

Finally, after two years, PCMAV 1.0 nowadays reach final version. PCMAV 1.0 Final of Release. At this 1.0 final version, PCMAV can recognize 1.615 virus along with its variant, which reported by disseminating many wide in Indonesia.

Besides, some new fitur even also earn You feel this final rilis. Between its usage of ClamAv 0.9x engine newest version, fitur repair of damage registry or altered by virus (including returning ‘ Folder Options’ Windows which griped many), and some undocumented parameter which good for.

For a while for the Realtime of Protector (RTP), after is sufficiently long developed in secret and pass internal test-drive, hence this RTP differ from previously. By doing optimalize as well as fortunate change at especial engine, nowadays RTP walk as Windows Service. This yield much more stable RTP, quickly, and it is of course can walk excellently at account user with rights access to lower or Guest even if.

All newest information in around this Final version, earn You read completely file of README.TXT which available in package of PCMAV. Also with existence of PCMAV 1.0 Final Release this, then support of online update for RC24 have been discontinued.

WHAT NEWS IN PCMAV 1.0 FINAL RELEASE (CLEANER & REALTIME PROTECTOR) ?

Identification database and cleaner 102 new local virus/starnge/varian enhanced which reported disseminate in Indonesia. Totalize 1.615 virus along with its variant which circulating many in Indonesia have been recognized by 1.0 this by internal PCMAV engine.
Improvisation, Final RTP nowadays in form of Windows service able to walk in process level. This will yield very compared to stable RTP of previous RTP Beta which walking in application level.
Improvisation, after test-drived since RC20, then PCMAV nowadays can use break even Clamav engine 0.9x replacing series 0.8x. With 0.9x series this, almost 200.000 virus can be detect
Improvisation, after old since fitur this is used for the sake of is internal (undocumented), then nowadays usage of parameter of fitur which good for officially opened. One of the fitur which enough rely on is to return and registry of setting “ Tools Folder Options” to Windows default after destroyed by virus.
Improve repaired, mistake at routine of inisialisasi VDB able to cause VDB cannot be readed if used at the same time by Cleaner and of Realtime Protector
Optimalization, special engine scan for inspection to file of autorun.inf which commonly use virus to be able to be active.
Renewed, change some name of virus follow new variant which found
Repair some is bug minor and improvization internal code to ensure that PCMAV Cleaner & PCMAV Realtime Protector more than merely ordinary antivirus.

Complete Download of PCMAV 1.0 Final Release + Update build1: Ziddu.com

Sharing Internet on XP

2008-02-09T10:11:00.000+07:00

We can sharing internet information through (by) internet XP.
From My computer click right, in tab Computer Name a change : Computer name typing the computer name (ext : PC1) , Member of take Workgroup (ext : MIS).

From the computer to sharing

From My Network place
Choose Set up a home or small office network (next)

Select a connection method, take number 1 (this computer connects directly to the internet. the other computers on my network connect to the Internet throught this computer) (Next)

Select your internet conection

Just Next and next till finish.

From Computer client

From My Network place
Set up home or small office Network (Next)
Select a connection method, take number 2 ( This computer connects to the Internet a residential gateway or throught another computer on my network)
Computer name : Take your computer name. (next)

Name your Network, Workgroup name :..(enter your group name)
Just Next and next till finish.

Networking Your Vista PC with XP and Mac Machines

2008-02-06T09:39:00.000+07:00

Vista's networking implementation is a welcome improvement over what came before, but it is by no means perfect. Andy Walker helps you make home networking between a Vista computer and other computers and devices less painful with this sample chapter.

This Chapter Is for You If...

You want to share files and folders between Vista, XP, and a Mac on your home network.
You want to learn Vista-to-Vista sharing.
You want to learn about the new Public Folders feature.
You want some security tips around sharing resources on your network with Vista.

What You'll Learn
In this chapter, I'll show you:

How to network Vista to Vista
How to share a file from Vista to XP Home and XP Pro
How to share a file from XP to Vista
How to network Vista to Mac
How to troubleshoot it all as you go

Troubleshooting Your Network
Let's face it—setting up a network, even on a good day, is for slightly demented people. Many times I have been inside the guts of a network settings dialog box, wondering why I am not feeding fudge to an affectionate defector from the Swedish bikini team.

Networking is perhaps the most mystical of the silicon arts because any one hiccup in the chain of hardware, cabling, and wireless transceivers, and the data that flows across them can cause odd and random behavior that is difficult to diagnose.

Windows has been no superhero in all this. Network software and controls have been kludgy, inconsistent, and too complex for most users. I mean, why must we be subjected to an irrelevant subnet mask setting when we are installing two computers on a dinky home network? We shouldn't even have to think about that in a simple install.

That said, Vista's networking implementation is a welcome improvement over what came before. It is by no means perfect, however. Although Microsoft has herded a lot of the settings together into a new cleaner interface, once you start digging, you realize it's only half a makeover. It's beauty and the beast.

What follows will help you make home networking between a Vista computer and other computers and devices less painful.

Basic Network Assumptions
The standard deployment for network connectivity at home and in a small business is two or more computers connected to a device called a home network router (see Figure 1).

Figure 1. Be sure you have a home network router, like this Linksys router, installed to follow the advice in this chapter properly.

TIP:
One of those authors is the talented Mark Edward Soper, a fabulous network expert who has clearly martyred his life and abandoned all Swedish bikini prospects in a quest to give you a better understanding of home networks in his book Absolute Beginner's Guide to Home Networking.

A router is like an intersection. All data on a home network flows through it.

That said, I am not going to delve into the intricacies of how to set up a router here; lots of authors have done that.

However, if you are having trouble getting your router and broadband Internet connection to work, check out "Internet Disconnect." It'll help you troubleshoot your Internet connection and your home network router at the same time.

I have made a few assumptions in this chapter:

You have at least two computers, and they are connected via network cables (or optionally) over a Wi-Fi connection to a home network router from a manufacturer such as DLink, Netgear, Linksys, Belkin, SMC, or other router appliance company.
Your home network router is connected to a high-speed Internet connection (via a broadband modem) that it is sharing with the computers attached to it (see Figure 2).
You sort a kind a know your way around your router, at least enough to get yourself into trouble.

Figure 2. This is what your home network should kind of look like if this chapter is going to be helpful to you.

Networking Vista to Vista
Let's begin with an overview of the Network and Sharing Center (see Figure 3) options because this is where we'll spend a lot of time in this chapter. It'll help you get a basic understanding of the controls.

Figure 3. The Vista Networking and Sharing Center is where you control file sharing on your network between computers.

First, open it by typing Sharing in the Search bar in the Start menu and then clicking the Network and Sharing Center when it appears to open it.

Private versus Public - For optimal sharing, set the network to Private as follows: Click Customize on the right of the Network and Sharing Center window, below the image of the globe. Select Private, if it is not selected, and click Continue. The Public option turns key sharing settings off and is handy when you are on a public wireless network with a laptop.
Network Discovery - On the main Network and Sharing Center screen, set Network Discovery to on if you want to engage in any sharing activities. This allows your computer to be seen by other computers on the network.
File Sharing - This allows your files and folders to be accessed by other computers on the network. If it's turned off, all access attempts will be denied.
Public Folder Sharing - This toggles the Public folder on your machine on or off. I talk about this useful feature in more detail in Method #3 later in the chapter.
Printer Sharing - This allows you to share printers attached to your computer with others.
Password-Protected Sharing - If it is set to On, you will be challenged when you try to remotely access the computer across the network. That said, if you type in the correct User ID and password for the target machine, you will get access to all files and folders for the target machine for that user account.
Media Sharing - This makes media libraries available through Windows Media Player to other computers on your network.

OK, now let's move on to some techniques for sharing between two Vista machines. In my examples, I call the computer that is sharing files Vista1 and the computer that is accessing files Vista2.

Method #1: Access an Explicitly Shared File or Folder
You can access a shared folder or file on Vista1 from Vista2 if the following conditions are met:

Both computers are on the same network and powered on.
All computers are using the same workgroup name.
Network Discovery on both computers is set to On.
All computers are set to Private.
File sharing is set to On on Vista1.

When these conditions are met, you should be able to browse any files or folders on Vista1 from Vista2 if the folders are explicitly shared as follows:

Right-click on the folder to be shared and choose Properties.
Click the Sharing tab.
Click the Share button.
Choose Everyone in the blank pull-down list and click Share (see Figure 4). The system takes a few minutes to set the folder to share.

Figure 4. Choose Everyone to share a folder with anyone who has a login account on your computer.

You now can access that shared file from Vista2 by following these steps: Click the Windows button and then Network; double-click the icon for the Vista1 computer; double-click Users and then the user account that contains the shared file; and then drill down into the user's folders to find the shared folder.
Here's an example: If I shared a file called Vancouver on the account I log in to on Vista1, called Andy, I would have to click Users, Andy, Desktop, and I'd see the shared folder Vancouver there.

Method #2: Access Files by Using User Credentials
To access all files in a user account on the Vista1 computer, take the following steps:

Ensure both computers are on the same network and powered on.
Make sure all computers are using the same workgroup name.

TIP:
Make sure that your workgroup setting is the same on all computers on your network. Most people call their workgroup WORKGROUP. You can call it something else, but let's not complicate things. Learn how to reset it later in this chapter on p. 366 under the heading "How to Change the Workgroup in Vista."

Set all computers to Private.Set Network Discovery to On on Vista1.
Set file sharing to On for Vista1.
Set password-protected sharing to On for Vista1.

Then, on the Vista2 computer, do the following:

Click the Windows button and click Network.
Double-click the icon that represents the Vista1 computer.
When the Connect to VISTA2 dialog box appears (see Figure 5), type in the username and password for the user account you are trying to access on Vista1.

Figure 5. When you connect to another computer on the network, provide the username and password of a valid user account on the target computer.
Now you will have full access to all the files on the target user account from Vista2.

Method #3: Share a File Using Public Folders
This is probably the easiest way to share single files or folders between two Vista computers.

If you browse to C:\Users on any Vista computer, you'll see a folder called C:\Users\Public. This is a new feature in Vista (see Figure 6). It's a great place to drop files or folders and easily share them between computers. To make it available to anyone on your network, follow this checklist:

Make sure all computers are using the same workgroup name.
Set all computers to Private.
Ensure Network Discovery is turned on.

Figure 6. Vista's new Public folder feature is a handy way to easily share files between computers on a network.

Next, go into the Network and Sharing Center in Control Panel and click the down arrow next to Public Folder Sharing.

There are three choices, as follows:

Turn on sharing so anyone with network access can open files - Anybody who can access your computer over the network can open the files and folders in your Public folder but cannot edit or delete them.
Turn on sharing so anyone with network access can open, change, and create files - Anybody who can access your computer over the network can read (or view), edit, and delete files. They can also put new files in the Public folder.
Turn off sharing - This switches off access to the Public folder.

For added security, turn on password-protected sharing, because anyone who browses to your computer will get instant access to your Public folder and its contents. This is especially important if you use a wireless network and don't protect it with either WEP or WPA to prevent outsiders from connecting to it.

Here's how to do that:

Open the Network and Sharing Center.
Click the down arrow to the right of Password-Protected Sharing and select on or off.

Troubleshooting Vista-to-Vista Networking
Under most circumstances, problems with Vista-to-Vista networking are caused by security software.

The Windows Vista firewall should naturally manage any sharing unless you have messed with it. If in doubt, check the Firewall exceptions, as follows:

In the Control Panel, click Classic View, Security Center.
Click Windows Firewall on the left.
Click Change Settings and then click Continue on the UAC dialog.
Click the Exceptions tab, and make sure that the File and Printer Sharing box is checked.

Be sure to check the firewall for all machines involved in file sharing on your network.

The same goes for a third-party software firewall if you installed it. It could be blocking file-sharing traffic between machines. Check it on all machines that you are trying to share between.

If you run another security suite, such as MacAfee or Symantec, they are notorious for blocking file sharing, so be sure to test your system without them. If file sharing works with them disengaged, you know where the problem lies.

Networking Vista to a Windows XP
Computer
I'd bet that most people who read this book have a copy of Windows Vista on their newest computer and at least one other computer that uses Windows XP.

Perhaps it used to be your primary computer, and now it's been demoted as a machine for the kids or your spouse, or it's a file server that contains your MP3 files, perhaps. I have a computer at home full of 1980s tunes, including a few by Cyndi Lauper. I am not ashamed that I dance like a moron when I vacuum.

So, let's set up both the Vista machine and the XP machine to talk to each other, starting with Windows XP.

Recommended: Convert Your XP Computer to NTFS
For file sharing, I recommend that your XP hard drive should be formatted as an NTFS drive, not a FAT32 drive. NTFS is a newer, more secure disk-formatting technology.

TIP:
Computer file systems such as NTFS and FAT32 are disk-level schemes that determine how data is organized and indexed on a hard drive. It is analogous to the cataloging system and bookshelves at a library.

File systems are created when you first format a hard drive. By default, XP uses NTFS, although if you upgraded from Windows Me or 98, it could still be configured as FAT32.

For security purposes, we're going to want to use NTFS because it gives us control over who gets access to what on a network computer.

To check the file system on your XP computer:

Click the Windows button and then My Computer.
In the My Computer window, right-click on your C: drive and choose Properties.
Under file system, you should see NTFS (see Figure 7) or FAT32.

Figure 7. Make sure your Windows XP computer uses the NTFS file system.

CAUTION:
Before you convert your file system, it's always a good idea to do a data backup. It's usually pretty painless, but any major system renovation is never a good idea without a data backup safety net in place.

If it shows NTFS, you're good to go. Skip to the next section. If not, here's how to convert a FAT32 drive to NTFS:

Click the Windows button and then select Run.
Type cmd in the Run box and click OK. A Command prompt window opens.At the flashing cursor, type convert c: /fs:ntfs (see Figure 8).

Figure 8. If you need to, convert your XP system's hard drive to the NTFS file system.Windows converts the drive to NTFS.

Create a Password-Protected User on XP
Now let's password protect one of your XP user accounts:

Click the Windows button, Control Panel, User Accounts.

TIP:
Also be sure to fill in the password hint in case you forget your password. You can ask for the hint when you go to log in. Don't type in your actual password here. But if your password is "cookies," your hint could be "I eat them for breakfast, even though I shouldn't."

Click on the account name you want to use to share a folder, and choose Create a Password (see Figure 9).

Figure 9. Passwords protect one of the user accounts on your XP system.

Type a new password and retype it; then click Confirm.
If, at this point, a Windows XP dialog box asks whether you want to make your files and folders private, choose No.

Disable Simple File Sharing
If you have Windows XP Pro on your system, disable simple file sharing.

CAUTION:
Simple file sharing cannot be disabled in Windows XP Home, so skip this step if you use that version of the operating system.

It will interfere with the File and Printer Sharing feature, so we need to turn it off, as follows:

Click the Windows button, All Programs, Accessories, Windows Explorer.
Click the Tools, Folder Options, and select the View tab.
Scroll down to the bottom of the Advanced Settings box and uncheck Use Simple File Sharing (Recommended) (see Figure 10).

Figure 10. Turn off simple file sharing on your XP Pro computer. It's the last item in this figure.

Click Apply, and then click OK.

Enable File and Printer Sharing
Now, enable File and Printer Sharing on your XP computer. To do this:

Click the Windows button, Control Panel, Network and Internet Connections, Network Connections.
In the Network Connections window, right-click the Local Area Connection and choose Properties.
In the Local Area Connection Properties window, check File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks (see Figure 11).

Figure 11. Enable File and Printer Sharing on your XP computer.

Without a check mark here, you won't be able to share any of your folders or files from your XP Pro or XP Home computer.

Synchronize Workgroup Names
Make sure that the XP computer is a member of the same network workgroup as the Vista computer.

From the Vista end of things, computers on the same home network can be members of any workgroup and the Vista computer will detect them. On the XP end of things, the workgroup name appears to be important. For your sanity, standardize on the same workgroup name for all computers that will share data. The default workgroup name most people use is the imaginative name WORKGROUP (as I mentioned earlier in this chapter in the section, "Networking Vista to Vista").

CAUTION:
The default workgroup on a fresh install of Windows XP Home computer is MSHOME, while XP Pro and Vista use WORKGROUP. Microsoft means well, I am sure, but these inconsistencies are maddening.

Here are the steps to change the name of your network workgroup on both types of computer.

How to Change the Workgroup in XP
Let's start with how to edit the workgroup in Windows XP.

Click the Windows button, Control Panel, System.
Click the Computer Name tab and then click the Change button next to where it says To Rename This Computer or Join a Workgroup, Click Change (see Figure 12).

Figure 12. Change the workgroup on your XP computer.

Under Workgroup, type WORKGROUP and click OK.
You'll need to restart the system for the changes to take effect.

How to Change the Workgroup in Vista
Now let's edit the workgroup in Windows Vista.

Click the Windows button, type System in the Search box, and click System when it appears in the Start menu.
Under the Computer Name, Domain, and Workgroup Settings, you see the name of the system's workgroup listed.
To change it, click Change Settings and then click Continue when the UAC warning appears.
On the Computer Name tab, click Change, edit the Workgroup name, and then click OK (see Figure 13).

Figure 13. Click Change to modify the name of the workgroup on your Vista computer.

You'll need to restart the system to finish.

Testing 1,2,3: Is This Network On?
With all these tweaks in place, both your Windows Vista computer and Windows XP computer should be able to "see" each other. Here's how to test that.

Is Windows XP in the Right Workgroup?

Click the Windows button, Control Panel, Network Connections; then on the left-hand side, click My Network Places.
On the left side of the Network Places window, click View Workgroup Computers.
Have patience while the system sniffs out the network. Wait times for machines to appear can vary. Sometimes it's a few seconds, and sometimes it's a few minutes.
If nothing appears, scoot back to the section "How to Change the Workgroup in XP" on p. 366 (this chapter) and make sure the computer is set to the same workgroup as the Vista computer.

CAUTION:
Only computers in the same workgroup as your XP computer will appear.

Is Windows Vista in the Right Workgroup?

Click the Windows button and then Network on the right side of the Start menu.
Wait for the computer to scan the network. Watch the green bar at the top to see the scanning progress. All computers on your network appear (see Figure 14).

Figure 14. Browse your network from Vista.

TIP:
Note that a Vista computer will also list computers not in the same workgroup that it is part of when you browse the network from it.

The computers are represented in different ways. If the icons have blue screens, they are (ironically) detected and online. You should also see that your router will have a router icon and some computer names will be duplicated because they will have media-sharing enabled.

TIP:
Change the view of the network by clicking the View item in the ribbon across the top of the Network window and then choose the option you want. Details will show your workgroups.

Troubleshooting XP-to-Vista Networking
Sometimes XP just refuses to work with your network. And even if you put all the preceding settings in place and do everything right, sometimes it just won't do what it is supposed to do. Vista won't see your XP computer, and your XP computer won't see anything but itself, or everything but itself.

There could be a dozen issues causing this, because a network consists of lots of hardware, software, and operating system settings. Think of it this way: If you bit into a sandwich and it tasted bad, you'd check the bread, the mayo, the mustard, the lettuce, the cheese, the roast beef, and so on until you discovered the nasty bit. A network is a multi-decker sandwich, and finding the bad bit can be extremely difficult. That said, there are some obvious things you can try that might coax it to work:

Change the network connection from wireless to wired (if an option) or from wired to wireless.
If wireless, make sure you are connected to the right wireless network and not your neighbor's network.
If available, update the driver for your network or wireless card.
Update the system BIOS or update chipset drivers.
Leave it be. Sometimes a bit of patience leads to XP suddenly waking up and finding the network and displaying it.
Reboot. It's panacea for all PC ills, but it can work. I suspect that the network stack in XP is buggy, and sometimes it hangs. A reboot can refresh it.
Refresh the My Network Places window by hitting F5 or clicking View Workgroup Computers a second time. On Vista, right-click in the network window and choose Refresh.
After you get the XP machine to see the network, the Vista computer will then in turn make the XP machine appear in the Vista network window.

How to Share a Folder on XP Home to Vista
Now let's go find the folder on your XP computer that you want to share with your Vista computer. Let's pretend it's called Cyndi's Hits.

Locate the Cyndi's Hits folder using My Computer or Windows Explorer.
Right-click the Cyndi's Hits folder and choose Properties.
In the Properties window of the folder you want to share, click the Sharing tab.
Under the Network Sharing and Security area, if you see As a Security Measure, Windows Has Disabled Remote Access to This Computer, you'll need to run the Network Setup Wizard. Click the link below this warning to invoke it. If you don't see it, skip forward a few steps to where I talk about the Share This Folder on the Network option.
In the wizard, click Next, and choose Yes Use the Existing Shared Connection.
Fill in the computer description if needed and change the computer name if you want. Click next and ensure the workgroup is WORKGROUP.
Click the option to Turn on File and Printer Sharing. Click Next twice until you see the option to Create a Network Setup Disk. You can use a floppy disk (if you have one) to create a disk that will set up the network on another Windows XP computer. Follow this if you want, but otherwise, click Just Finish the Wizard and then the Finish button.

CAUTION:
Careful here, because anyone on your network, including wireless freeloaders who happen to land on your wireless network, might be able to browse and change the contents of the shared folder.

Right-click on Cyndi's Hits and choose Properties (if you're not returned to that dialog box). Click the radio button next to Share This Folder (see Figure 15). Assign a Share Name. It is how this folder will appear on other computers that browse it.

Figure 15. Right-click the Cyndi Lauper music folder you want to share and click the Sharing tab.

Check the Allow Network Users to Change My Files box, if you want the ability to edit or delete files across the network.
Click Apply and OK.

Now you should be able to browse the Cyndi's Hits folder from your Vista computer or from other machines on the network.

To complete the process, skip forward to the section "Access a Shared XP Folder with Vista."

How to Share a Folder on XP Pro with Vista
If you have an XP Pro computer that you want to share with your Vista computer, the steps are a little different from those on XP Home that I outlined previously. Let's this time call the folder Duran Duran Hits.

CAUTION:
It might be tempting to share the entire C: drive; however, this is not a great idea because it makes it easy for anyone accessing the network to do bad things to your system. That said, though, I have to admit that I have done it before for convenience on a machine that was a junker.

Locate the Duran Duran Hits folder using My Computer or Windows Explorer.
Right-click on the Duran Duran Hits folder and choose Properties.
In the Properties window of the folder you want to share, click the Sharing tab.

No Need to Go Private
Make sure your Windows User folder is not set to private. To check this, go to C:\documents and settings\, right-click on the folder that contains your user settings, and choose Properties. (My username on my XP computer is Andy, so I'd right-click on the folder called Andy in C:\documents and settings.) Next, click the Sharing tab, and there is no check mark in the Make This Folder Private box. If there is, uncheck it and click OK.

Click on the Share This Folder button (see Figure 16). Assign a Share Name, and enter whatever you like in the Comment field. This gives the shared folder a moniker on the network, and the comment will help you better understand its contents when you click on it on another computer (if it's not obvious).

Figure 16. On the Sharing tab, click the Share This Folder radio button and name it.

TIP:
You can also limit the number of connections to this folder by defining how many connections you'll allow in the user limit settings.

Next, click the Permissions button. Everyone will be the default group. Later, in the Permissions section, you can customize your preferences.
If you want to be cautious, check off Allow next to Read and uncheck all other options. If you want to be able to add and delete files in the folder from any machine on the network, click Allow next to Full Control, which auto-selects all the Allow boxes.
After you have decided on the share permissions, click Apply; then click OK and close out all the windows.

Access a Shared XP Folder with Vista
After your XP Pro or XP Home machine is configured using the steps in the previous two sections, flip over to your Vista computer so I can show you how to set it up to access the shared folder(s) on XP:

On the Vista machine, click the Windows button, type Network, and then choose Network and Sharing Center.
In the Network section (with the Access and Connection subheads), look for the word Customize and click it (see Figure 17).

Figure 17. Click Customize in the Vista Network settings and set it to Private.

In the Set Network Location window, click the button next to Private and click Next.

TIP:
You can rename the network here too.

When UAC kicks in, click Continue to approve, and then click Close.

This turns on Network discovery on the Vista machine so that other machines on the network (including your XP computer) can detect it.

Now you'll want test whether you can access the XP computer over the network. Here's how:

On your Vista computer, click the Windows button and then click Network on the right side of the Start menu.
You'll see a window with a list of all the computers on your network, including the XP computer you just configured (see Figure 18).

Figure 18. When I browse my home network, I can see all the computers connected, including my G5 iMac, a Dell PC running Vista (Vista1), and my Windows XP computer.

I Can't See the XP Computer with Vista
If your XP computer doesn't show up in the Network folder on the Vista machine, try hitting F5 to refresh the view.
Because XP networking is as buggy as an ant farm, sometimes this won't work. At that point, try a reboot of both machines. That should reinitialize the network stack.
But, if it doesn't, you can force a connection by clicking on the Vista machine's Windows button, and then in the Search box, type \\ and the name of the XP computer (as it appears in the Computer Name tab in the System applet on the XP computer) and hit Enter. It attempts a connection to the machine and prompts you for login credentials if applicable.

My XP computer's name is Andys-XP-PRO, so in this scenario, I would type \\Andys-XP-PRO in the Start menu's Search box. (Don't forget to hit the Enter key after you type it.)

Double-click the XP computer's icon and wait for the login challenge.
Enter the name of the XP user account and password you configured earlier (see Figure 19).

Figure 19. Enter the XP user account you password-protected earlier to access the shared folder on the XP machine from your Vista computer.

This gives you access to the XP machine and all the folders you have shared on it.

Congratulations! And I mean that sincerely. You just achieved one of the most complicated procedures you can do on your home network.

File-Sharing Troubleshooting Tips
If you can't access the shared folder after all these steps, here's a checklist of a few more file-sharing troubleshooting tips that might help:

Check that you are using the correct user account and the associated password exactly as it was typed.
Turn off any third-party firewall or security software to see whether it is interrupting the process on both Vista and XP.
The Windows firewall should not be a problem; however, turn it off or tweak it if in doubt.
Ensure that both computers are connected to the network.
If one or both computers are wireless, ensure they are tuned to your wireless network (that is, your network's SSID) and not your neighbor's.

Sharing from Vista to XP
If you want to share a folder between a Vista machine and an XP computer, here's how you do that.

Create a user account on the Vista machine that is identical to the user account on your XP machine, as follows:

Log in as an administrator and click the Windows button; then type User in the Search box and click User Accounts when it appears in the Start menu.
Click Manage Another Account.
Click Continue on the UAC alert.
At the bottom of the Choose the Account You Would Like to Change window, click Create a New Account.
Type in the name of the new account, but use the name you used on the XP computer. Select either Standard User or Administrator and then click Create Account (see Figure 20).

Figure 20. Create a user account on your Vista machine that clones a user account on your XP machine.

Next, click the account you created, and when its Make Changes window opens, click Create a Password.
Type in the same password you used on the twin account on the XP machine. And type the password a second time to confirm. Then type a hint if you need one and click the Create Password button.

Now that account is set up, let's configure a few settings:

Open the Network and Sharing Center on the Vista computer.
In the Network and Sharing area, click the down arrow next to File Sharing and make sure Turn on File Sharing is selected.

Share a Vista Folder
Next, locate the folder on the Vista PC you want to share, as follows:

Right-click on the folder; then choose Properties and click the Sharing tab.
Click the Share button. You'll see a pull-down box that's empty. Click the down arrow to reveal its content, and you'll see all the User accounts set up on the Vista machine.
Choose the account you twinned from the XP machine or Everybody (on This Machine) if you want to allow all accounts to access the folder you want to share and click Add.
The account(s) are added to the box below. To the right of the entry, you can use the pull-down to assign the permissions for the user(s).
Click the Share button and wait while the system updates the shared folder with new permissions.

Access a Folder on Vista from Your XP Machine
Next, switch over to your XP computer, as follows:

Log in under the account you twinned on your Vista machine.
Click the Windows button, My Computer; then on the left, click My Network Places.
Click View Workgroup Computers, and when it appears, double-click the icon for your Vista computer.
You'll see two folders: Users and Public. Double-click Users and then the username of the account that created the file you are sharing; then navigate to the folder where the shared file is located. If it's in Documents, click Documents. If it's on the desktop, click Desktop. You get the idea. After you reach the folder, simply double-click it to see and use its contents.

Networking Vista to a Mac
If your home is one of those households that own both Windows and Apple computers, you'll love this part of the chapter. I'm going to show you how to network your Mac with your Vista PC.

Lots of people hang both Mac and Windows machines off the same home network. I do. Admittedly, I am not a huge Mac user—and I am known for being a bit brutal about the Mac users, with their weird cult-like devotion to Steve Jobs and his turtleneck sweaters. Still, Macs are nicely engineered pieces of computer hardware, even if they are digital candy floss. And besides, my G5 iMac makes a great stereo.

So, let me show you how to share files between an OS X-powered Mac and a Vista computer on the same network. In what follows, I use Mac OS X Tiger version 10.4.8.

To get started, let's change some Mac settings first.

Enable a Password on the Mac's User Account
Let's first add a password to the administrator user account.

Log in to the account you want to password protect. Preferably use an administrator account.

CAUTION:
Vista will not let you connect to your Mac if the user account you have chosen for file sharing is not password protected.

Go to Finder and click on the Apple icon (top left of the screen). On the drop-down menu, choose System Preferences. System Preferences on Mac OS X is the equivalent of Control Panel on Windows.
In the System Preferences window, under System click the Accounts icon (see Figure 21). This is where you make changes to existing user accounts on your Mac.

Figure 21. Click the Accounts icon in the System area of the System Preferences window.

TIP:
You can also launch System Preferences from your Dock. It is the light gray icon with both a light switch and an Apple logo on it.

You might need to unlock this feature. If so, click once on the padlock icon in the lower left-hand corner of the Accounts window to unlock it.
An authentication window launches, prompting for an administrator username and password to allow user account system changes to take place. (Look familiar? It's kind of like UAC isn't it?) Enter your admin password and click OK.
Select the account you want to assign a password to. Click on the Change Password button.
Leave the Old Password field empty if you have not previously assigned a password to this user account.
Next type in your password in the New Password field; then verify it by typing it a second time in the Verify box. Also enter the password hint if you want.
To finish, click the Change Password button. You have just set a password for your user account on the Mac.

Enable Windows File Sharing on the Mac
Next, you'll have to enable Windows file sharing. Here's how:

Click the Apple icon on the Finder (top left); then click System Preferences.
In System Preferences, locate the Internet & Network section and click on the Sharing icon. When the Sharing window appears, click the Services tab if it is not selected already.

CAUTION:
You might need to unlock the Sharing window if it is locked. See how in the previous section.

In the Computer Name field, type a name for the computer if what's there isn't appropriate. I call mine "G5 iMac."
In the list on the left, check the Windows Sharing box. This starts Samba (also known as Windows networking in some geek circles). By enabling Windows Sharing, you are activating a communications protocol to allow Vista to connect to your Mac.
You can also check off Personal File Sharing (also known as Apple Share) if you want to share files more easily with other Mac machines on your network.
Next, click again on the Windows Sharing item so it is selected and look for the Accounts button (see Figure 22) to appear on the right.

Figure 22. Click Windows Sharing and watch for the Accounts button to appear.

Click Accounts and check the account(s) you want to share.

That's all you have to do on your Mac. Now switch over to your Vista computer.

CAUTION:
Be careful. This will share a user's desktop, as well as folders such as Documents, Library, Movies, Music, and Sites, with others on the network.

Set Up Vista to Access Your Mac
Now let's set up your Vista machine so you can access the Mac. First, we'll need to check whether network discovery is turned on:

Click the Windows button, type Network and Sharing, and open the Network and Sharing Center when it appears in the Start menu.
Under Sharing and Discovery, make sure that Network Discovery is set to on. If it's not, click the down arrow next to it and select Turn Network Discovery On and click Apply.
Continue in the UAC warning window when it appears.
Close out that window and then click the Windows button again, and this time, click Network on the right side of the Start menu.
You should see an icon that has the name of your Mac (that you specified earlier). For example, mine says "G5-IMAC."
Double-click it, and a login window appears, asking for a username and password to access the Mac. Be sure to type in the username and password for the user account you enabled on the Mac.

Figure 23. Type the Short Name as the username when you log on to your Mac from your Vista across your network.

CAUTION:
The username and password are case sensitive, so be sure to type them correctly.

You also have the option to have Vista remember the password. I lean toward convenience, so I use the feature, but if you want to be more secure, don't use it, and type it in each time.

TIP:
Note that you can also use the Mac Short Name as the user ID. On your Mac, this is specified in a field under your username. To see it, click Finder, System Preferences, System, Accounts and click the Password tab. My username on my Mac was Andy Walker, but the Short Name that my Mac generated for logging on to it across my network from my Vista machine is andywalker (see Figure 23).

You should now be able to access the files on your Mac.

Vista-to-Mac Troubleshooting Tips
If you are having problems connecting to the Mac from Vista Business or Ultimate, there are a few things you can check and tweak.

The first one is kind of geeky. You're going to need to go where Windows administrators usually have to go into the Local Security Policy.

Tweak the Local Security Policy
Be advised. This tip makes your Vista system less secure, but it's like digging through your granddad's attic: Fun, scary, and at times, a bit surprising.

Let's get in there:

Click the Windows button; then type Local Security Policy and click it when it appears in the Start menu to launch it.
Click Continue when the UAC warning screen appears.
In the Local Security Policy window, click once on the triangle next to Local Policies. This expands the file tree. Then click on the Security Options line item.
On the right column, scroll down and find the entry called Network Security: LAN Manager Authentication Level and double-click on it.
When the Properties window appears, click on the drop-down menu and select Send LM & NTML Responses (see Figure 24), followed by Apply; then click OK.

Figure 24. If you have trouble accessing your Mac from Vista, set your Local Security Policy to Send LM & NTLM Responses.

After this setting is enabled, try to connect to your Mac again.

Check the Firewalls
Be sure to check firewall settings on both Mac and Vista.

Mac Firewall
Go back to Sharing in the System Preferences window. Double-check to see whether there is a check mark next the Windows Sharing entry on the Services tab.

If you flip over to the Firewall tab, you'll see that Windows Sharing has also been enabled.

To turn off the Mac firewall, click the Firewall tab and click Stop below the heading Firewall On. This is especially important if you have a third-party firewall program running on your Mac.

However, if you do, this could be the source of your problem. Turn that off too and see whether you can connect. If so, you'll have to investigate your third-party firewall further and find out how to set it to allow file sharing with your Mac.

Vista Firewall
On your Vista PC, the Windows firewall could also be causing a problem. First turn it off and see whether that solves the problem, as follows:

Click the Windows button; then type Firewall and click Windows Firewall when it appears in the Start menu.
To turn it off, click Change Settings; then click Continue on the UAC alert.
Next, click Off (Not Recommended) on the General tab to turn off the Windows firewall.
Restart the system and test to see whether this solves the problem.

NOTE:
Samba is a groovy Brazilian music style and a groovy open source software that allows non-Windows computers such as the Mac and Linux to communicate with Windows computers over a network.

If it does, you'll have to make sure port TCP 139 and UDP port 137 are open. These are the ports Windows uses to communicate with Samba.

To open the Samba ports on the Vista firewall, do the following:

Click the Windows button; then type firewall in the Search field and click Windows Firewall.
Click the Change Settings link. Approve the UAC warning. Then, on the Windows Firewall settings, click on the Exceptions tab.
Click the Add Port button. From the Add Port window, type Samba as the name and enter 137 as the UDP port; then click OK. Also add TCP port 139. This then ensures that Samba can communicate through your Windows Vista firewall.
If you have a third-party firewall, make sure that those ports are configured to get through the firewall.

If all went well, you should now be able to connect from Vista to your Mac.

Access Vista from Your Mac
OK, let's do it the other way around now. Here is how to access Vista files and folders from your Mac. First, let's tweak Vista a bit:

On your Vista computer, click the Windows button; then type Network and click the Network and Sharing Center in the Start menu.
Set the network to Private by clicking the Customize link on the right side of the Network section of the Network and Sharing Center. It includes the subheads Access and Connection.
In Customize Network Settings, select Private if necessary and click Next; then click Close.
Go back to the Network and Sharing Center and check that Network Discovery is on. Click the down arrow next to the item to reveal the settings controls.
Check that File Sharing is on. Also make sure password-protected sharing is on.
Before you switch over to the Mac, check to see what you called your Vista computer.
Click the Windows button; then type System in the Search box and click System when it appears in the menu. Down at the section called Computer Name, Domain, and Workgroup Settings, look for the computer name. Write this down exactly as it is spelled.

Prep Your Mac to Access Vista
Next, pop over to your Mac because we have to tweak a few items there, too:

On your Mac, go to the Finder menu bar up across the top of the screen. Left to right, you'll see the Apple icon, then Finder, and a few menus over, you'll see the Go menu, between View and Window.

CAUTION:
If an application is running, you will have to turn it off first to see the Go menu.

Click the Go menu and select Connect to Server.

TIP:
The Connect to Server item can also be accessed by pressing [Ctrl] + K on the keyboard.

Here you will need to enter the name of the computer you are connecting to; in this case, I named the Vista computer Vista1 and used the address smb://Vista1 (see Figure 25).

Figure 25. On the Go menu, you can connect to a computer on your network using Samba by name or IP address.

TIP:
Instead of the computer name, you can also enter the IP address of the Vista machine on your network, as in smb://192.168.0.108 (you'll also see that in Figure 25).

A login window appears, asking for Workgroup, Name (Windows username), and Password (password used with a specific Windows user account). Change the workgroup to the one you specified on your Vista computer (see Figure 26).

Figure 26. Enter the Windows username and password for the computer you are trying to connect to from your Mac.

Enter the Windows username and password that you use to log in to the user account of your Vista machine.
You should now see two folders: Public (if public folders are turned on in Vista's Networking and Sharing Center) and Users. To find the folders you shared, click Users and the user account and then browse to where the shared folder is located. If none are available, go and share explicit files or folders, as I specified earlier in this chapter.

Forgot Administrator Password on XP

2008-01-29T09:55:00.001+07:00

Restart your computer
When booting, press F8 and select "Safe Mode"
After getting to the user menu. Click on a user and this time it will not ask you for a password
Go to Start>Run and type "CMD" (without the quotes).
At command prompt type in "cd C:\Windows\System32" (without the quotes), I am assuming C is your System/Windows Drive
For safety purposes first make a backup of your Logon.Scr file..
You can do this by typing in "Copy to Logon.scr to Logon.bak" (without the quotes)
Then type "copy CMD.EXE Logon.scr"(without the quotes)
Then type this command, I will assume that you want to set Administrator's password to "MyNewPass" (without the quotes)
Now, type this in (I am assuming that you are still in the directory C:\Windows\System32), "net user administrator MyNewPass" (without the quotes)
You will get a message saying that it was successful, this means Administrator's new password is "MyNewPass" (without the quotes)
Restart the PC and you will login as Administrator (or whatever you chose to reset) with your chosen password and Enjoy!

Next generation of VISTA

2008-01-25T11:24:00.000+07:00

In Internet circulate information in around possibility of feature generation of Vista. People say, this operating system not longger locally installed, but passing network from a computer server later transferred to every PC. This Method will improve its security because update and security software only server installing. But this plan likely will not walk with according to plan. Name Code this project is Vista+1.

PC Media Antivirus (PCMAV) 1.0 RC24

2008-01-25T10:46:00.000+07:00

PC Media of Antivirus 1.0 RC24 have opened. At this open is enhanced for identification database and cleaner 145 virus of local/foreign/new variant which reported disseminate in Indonesia. Totalize 1.513 virus along with its variant which circulating many in Indonesia have been recognized by RC24 by internal engine of PCMAV. Various and repair of improvisasi is also conducted in this version. Information as complete as can be read at Readme.Txt file figured in.

Download (1,50 MB), choose from one of the server following :

Ziddu.com | DivShare | Indowebster.com | Rapidshare | Mihd.net

You can downloading from one of the provided link. If you feel to have problem wrongly one server, You earn to try with other server.

PCMAV RC24 Update

Updating file following only for the PCMAV RC24 and cannot be used PCMAV previous version:

-PCMAV RC24 Update Build #1: Ziddu.com | DivShare.com

Extract or saving file of RC24.VDB at directory which is equal to PCMAV RC24.

Combine PCMAV RC24 with ClamAV virus database

So that be PCMAV RC24 which Your download can recognize the more or virus of malware other, You earn alliing it with ClamAV. Guidance to do so earn You see at readme.txt file figured in. To integrate PCMAV with ClamAV with use ClamAV version libaray 0.9x, You earn reading PCMAV: Recognize the More Virus with Library ClamAV 0.9x.

PC Media Antivirus (PCMAV) 1.0 RC24
Copyright (c) 2007 Majalah PC Media

PCMAV: Recognize the More Virus with Library ClamAV 0.9x.

2008-01-25T08:56:00.000+07:00

If we integrate PC Media of Antivirus ( PCMAV) and ClamAV with using ClamAV library mentioned in file of readme.txt and have been applied at former PCMAV rilis, hence amount of virus recognized to become counted 90 thousand. Pursuant to information of Virusindonesia.Com, start PCMAV RC20, we have earned to use ClamAV library version 0.9x so that the amount of virus recognized to become more that is 150 thousand liike seeing at picture above.

To integrate PCMAV and ClamAV with exploiting ClamAV library 0.9x, steps able to be done shall be as follows:

Download file clamav-win32-vc6-0.91.2.7z. This represent file of archive 7-zip. Extract two file LIBCLAMAV.DLL and PTHREADVC2.DLL and save to folder where PCMAV reside in. To do extract, we earn to use 7-Zip program.
Downloaded Database of CVD newest that is main.cvd file and daily.cvd file from ClamAV website. For downloaded both of file, we do with clicking right of link its file and choose Save Link As.. or Save target as.. (corresponding with browser used) or can use download manager. Hereinafter save both this file at PCMAV folder. If all file have been included, then PCMAV folder will contain files like seeing at image above.
After that, we earn to use PCMAV with recognition of virus amount which is more.

Installing Windows Server 2003 (Installing Windows .NET Server 2003 with Group Policy and SMS) #7

2008-01-21T09:13:00.000+07:00

Installing Windows .NET Server 2003 with Group Policy and Systems Management Server

As a final note, you can use Group Policies to upgrade Windows .NET Server 2003 in the existing Active Directory or Systems Management Server (SMS) infrastructure. You can perform complete operating system upgrades or just install service packs.

You can also use SMS to inventory and confirm system compatibility before you upgrade and then to confirm that the upgrade to .NET was successful.

The combination of Group Policy and SMS can use a central installation point to perform upgrades on similar or dissimilar hardware. It can be used for the prestaging of servers as well, and is easy to reconfigure if your needs change.

Summary

The Windows .NET Server 2003 installation process and deployment tools bear similarities to those found in previous versions of Windows. However, feature and performance enhancements have improved the installation experience—whether you are installing a single system by hand or deploying thousands of systems across your corporate environment.

Best Practices

Verify that your hardware is supported.
Stick to using the recommended or better hardware and software requirements.
Make sure you document your server configuration information and perform a backup of any data that you want to keep.
Test your applications for compatibility before migration.
Use a consistent naming convention to name the servers and client machines.
Use only Internet-standard characters in your computer name. This would include the letters A–Z (upper- and lowercase), the numbers 0–9, and the hyphen (-).
Periodically verify that system backups can be used to recover a system in a lab environment.
Use the regular formatting option to perform a true format.
Use NTFS to create an efficient and secured file system.
If you are not sure which licensing mode to use for your environment, select Per Server.
Rename the Administrator account, for the sake of security, after you complete the installation.
Automate installation by using deployment tools such as RIS, Sysprep, RIPrep, Unattend files, and Group Policy (with SMS).

Reference:

Installing Windows Server 2003 (Installing Windows .NET Server 2003 from an Image) #6

2008-01-21T08:52:00.000+07:00

Installing Windows .NET Server 2003 from an Image

To deploy multiple servers that are configured the same way and that have similar hardware, you can't beat using an image-based installation. You can use Remote Installation Services (RIS) with the Remote Installation Preparation Wizard (RIPrep) or the System Preparation tool (Sysprep) to prepare a server for imaging using Xcopy or third-party imaging software.

An image-based installation might be the answer for you if you have the following needs:

Installing identical operating systems, applications, and configurations on multiple servers
Performing clean installations (no upgrades)

Using Remote Installation Services

Using Remote Installation Services, better known as RIS, allows for a setup that is network initiated. When you combine this service with the Remote Installation Preparation Wizard (RIPrep), you can install a clean, imaged installation.

This method of installation, combined with PXE network cards, allows the setup program to be initiated with minimal user intervention. Boot floppy disks can also be used for certain PCI network interface cards that are not PXE compliant.

When using RIS, the client requests an IP address from a DHCP server. The client then contacts the RIS server, which in turn checks Active Directory to see whether the client has been prestaged. The RIS server either responds to the client or forwards the request to another RIS server. When the proper RIS server has been contacted, it sends Startrom.com to the client, which then launches OSChoice. OSChoice begins the remote installation service process.

Improvements to Remote Installation Services

With Windows .NET Server 2003, Microsoft has enhanced RIS technology. RIS now has support for deploying all versions of Windows 2000, Windows XP Professional, and all 32-bit versions of the Windows .NET Server 2003 family. And there is a significant performance improvement when compared to all previous versions.

Several security enhancements have been made as well. When a system is configured with RIS and is joined to the domain, the Domain Administrators group is added to the Local Administrators group; then the local administrator account is disabled.

Also, as stated in the "Performing an Unattended Windows .NET Server 2003 Installation" section, there is the ability to encrypt the administrator password.

Client Requirements for RIS

To use RIS to deploy a server, the computer must meet PXE 1.0 or 2.0 specifications. It must have a network interface card (NIC) that supports PXE or that is supported by the RIS boot floppy. Finally, the hardware must meet the minimum requirements for the version of Windows being installed.

Using the System Preparation Tool

In the past, one problem with imaging systems was that when the new (copied) system was brought online, there were conflicts with the old (original) system. The Security identifier (SID), computer name, and IP address all were identical on the image and the original, and all of them are supposed to be unique on your network.

One way to resolve this problem is to use the System Preparation Tool—otherwise known as Sysprep. This tool prepares a system for imaging by removing certain configuration details, such as the SID, IP address, and computer name. The system is then imaged and, when the image is deployed, a mini-setup is run instead of the normal full setup. The user can answer just a few questions, and the installation is on its way.

To use Sysprep, you perform the installation once on the source computer, installing the operating system and any applications that you want deployed. After the source system is installed and configured, Sysprep is run on that system, which then powers off. Using an imaging tool, the system is then copied to a network location for distribution. A new system is booted using an imaging tool, connected to the network, and the image is copied from the network. When this new system is powered on, the mini-setup is run, and the installer is asked a few configuration questions. When the setup application is complete, the server can be turned off and is ready to distribute.

Improvements to the System Preparation Tool

Sysprep has been around for a while, and Microsoft has added some improvements that have made it easier to deploy imaged installations. One such enhancement, the –factory switch, allows updated drivers to be picked up by the image before the system is fully set up. Also, you can now image products in the Windows .NET Server 2003 family running IIS. And, as a time-saver, you no longer have to use the –PnP switch to force Plug and Play enumeration on the next restart. In the past, this process added 5 to 10 minutes to the mini-setup.

Reference:

Installing Windows Server 2003 (Performing an Unattended Windows .NET Server 2003 Installation) #5

2008-01-21T08:19:00.000+07:00

Performing an Unattended Windows .NET Server 2003 Installation

Using scripting, you can automate the installation process of Windows .NET Server 2003 and minimize the need for user intervention. Using an answer file (unattend.txt), you can provide all the information needed to complete the installation. Items such as the computer name, IP address, product key, and DNS settings can be written into the file.

Unattended installations can be performed on fresh installations or on upgrades and on similar or dissimilar hardware. You can deploy Windows .NET Server 2003 from a centralized installation point, and after you install the operating system, you can easily modify it.

Deciding When to Use an Unattended Installation

Organizations frequently use an unattended installation when they need to deploy multiple systems that are configured in a similar manner. Unlike imaging technologies, unattended installations work well with dissimilar hardware platforms. You can create one answer file, make a few modifications, and apply it to another server that you want configured similarly.

This process is also useful for deploying remote systems that need to be built onsite when you may not be able to configure it yourself. The system configured at the remote site will be configured just like you want it to be.

Using the Improved Setup Manager

The Setup Manager is located in the deploy.cab file in the \support\tools directory on the Windows product CD. The Setup Manager can be used to create and modify the answer files for your unattended installations.

Enhancements to the Setup Manager for Windows .NET Server 2003 include the capability to encrypt the administrator password, which was formerly stored as plain text in the answer file. The Setup Manager also has an improved interface and an improved help file.

Preparing for an Unattended Installation

To prepare for an unattended installation, you must first install and run the Setup Manager. Although this application is included with the .NET installation media, it is not installed by default.

To install the Setup Manager, perform the following steps:

Insert the Windows .NET Server 2003 CD-ROM into the CD-ROM drive of your computer. If you hold down the Shift key as you do so, you can bypass the CD's autorun feature.
Open My Computer, right-click the CD-ROM drive, and select Explore.
Open the support\tools directory and double-click the deploy.cab file to open it.
Select all the files that are in the right pane, right-click, and select Extract.
Select the folder where you want to place the files (or make a new folder) and click Extract.
Open the folder where you placed the files and double-click the Setupmgr.exe file.
When the Setup Manager Wizard starts, follow the instructions to create your answer file.

Creating an Unattended Installation Script

To create an unattended answer file, open the folder where you placed the files you extracted. Double-click the Setupmgr.exe file and follow the instructions in the Setup Manager Wizard.

Sample unattend .txt File

The unattend.txt file can be extremely simple or extremely complex, ranging in size from a few dozen lines of code to a few hundred.

The following is a sample unattend.txt file that was created in about five minutes using the Setup Manager:

;SetupMgrTag
[Data]
   AutoPartition=1
   MsDosInitiated="0"
   UnattendedInstall="Yes"

[Unattended]
   UnattendMode=FullUnattended
   OemSkipEula=Yes
   OemPreinstall=Yes
   TargetPath=\WINDOWS

[GuiUnattended]
   AdminPassword=xxxxxxxx
   EncryptedAdminPassword=Yes
   OEMSkipRegional=1
   TimeZone=4
   OemSkipWelcome=1

[UserData]
   ProductKey=XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX
   FullName="Mark Weinhardt"
   OrgName="Convergent Computing"
   ComputerName=DotNET-Server-One

[Display]
   Xresolution=800
   YResolution=600

[LicenseFilePrintData]
   AutoMode=PerServer
   AutoUsers=10

[TapiLocation]
   CountryCode=1
   Dialing=Tone
   AreaCode=510

[SetupMgr]
   DistFolder=C:\windist
   installation
   DistShare=windist

[Components]
   accessopt=On
   calc=On
   charmap=On
   clipbook=On
   deskpaper=On
   templates=On
   mousepoint=On
   paint=On
   freecell=Off
   hearts=Off
   zonegames=Off
   minesweeper=Off
   solitaire=Off
   spider=Off
   indexsrv_system=On
   msnexplr=Off
   certsrv=Off
   certsrv_client=Off
   certsrv_server=Off
   iis_www=Off
   iis_ftp=Off
   iis_smtp=Off
   iis_smtp_docs=Off
   iis_nntp=Off
   iis_nntp_docs=Off
   reminst=Off
   rstorage=Off
   TerminalServer=On
   wms=Off
   wms_admin_asp=Off
   wms_admin_mmc=Off
   wms_server=Off
   chat=On
   dialer=On
   hypertrm=On
   cdplayer=On
   mplay=On
   media_clips=On
   media_utopia=On
   rec=On
   vol=On

[Identification]
   JoinDomain=Convergent
   DomainAdmin=convergent\administrator
   DomainAdminPassword=password

[Networking]
   InstallDefaultComponents=No

[NetAdapters]
   Adapter1=params.Adapter1

[params.Adapter1]
   INFID=*

[NetClients]
   MS_MSClient=params.MS_MSClient

[NetServices]
   MS_SERVER=params.MS_SERVER

[NetProtocols]
   MS_TCPIP=params.MS_TCPIP

[params.MS_TCPIP]
   DNS=No
   UseDomainNameDevolution=No
   EnableLMHosts=Yes
   AdapterSections=params.MS_TCPIP.Adapter1

[params.MS_TCPIP.Adapter1]
   SpecificTo=Adapter1
   DHCP=No
   IPAddress=10.100.100.10
   SubnetMask=255.255.255.0
   DefaultGateway=10.100.100.1
   DNSServerSearchOrder=10.100.100.50,10.100.100.51
   WINS=Yes
   WinsServerList=10.100.100.60
   NetBIOSOptions=0

As you customize and begin using unattended script files, you will find that they can save you an enormous amount of time installing Windows .NET Server 2003 on multiple systems.

Launching an Unattended Installation Script

When the Setup Manager creates the unattend.txt file, it will also create a batch file called unattend.bat. The batch file gives the name of the answer file (unattend.txt) and the location of the source files (\\WIN2KSERVER\windist\I386).

Next, the installation process is kicked off by the winnt32 command and the switches to call the files.

NOTE

Because the setup files (in this case) are located on a Windows server, you will need network connectivity before starting the batch file.

Sample unattend .bat File

The unattend.bat file is the batch file used to launch the unattended installation. The steps of the batch file can be executed manually; however, if the process is repeated several times, running a batch file like the following one will simplify the process:

@rem SetupMgrTag
@echo off
set AnswerFile=.\unattend.txt
set SetupFiles=\\WIN2KSERVER\windist\I386
\\WIN2KSERVER\windist\I386\winnt32 /s:%SetupFiles% /unattend:

Reference:

Installing Windows Server 2003 (Using Alternative Methods of Installation) #4

2008-01-19T13:00:00.000+07:00

Using Alternative Methods of Installation

Several alternative methods can be used to install Windows .NET Server 2003. By using deployment tools such as Remote Installation Services (RIS), System Preparation (Sysprep), Remote Installation Preparation (RIPrep), Unattend files, and Group Policy (with Systems Management Server, or SMS), you can create images and scripts to match your server installation with various scenarios. Table shows the available methods of installation.

Table: Deployment Tools and Their Uses

The following sections will give you some information about these other installation options.

Reference:

Installing Windows Server 2003 (Upgrading to Windows .NET Server 2003) #3

2008-01-19T12:49:00.000+07:00

Upgrading to Windows .NET Server 2003

When upgrading to Windows .NET Server 2003, all your configuration settings are retained from the previous installation. However, you still should complete several very important tasks before you perform the upgrade.

Backing Up the Server

As with any major change on your server, something could go wrong. A complete backup of your operating system and data can make the difference between an inconvenient rollback and a complete disaster.

Verifying System Compatibility

When you install the Windows .NET Server 2003 CD-ROM into an existing server, the autorun feature should start the installation program.

One of the options on the first page is Check System Compatibility. When you click this button, you have the choice of checking the system automatically or visiting the compatibility Web site.

Checking the System Automatically

When you check automatically, you next have the option to download any setup files that have been updated since your CD was released. The compatibility checker will connect to Microsoft via the Internet, download any updated software, and apply them to the setup upgrade.

Next, you will receive a report on the system compatibility. Any problems that Microsoft was able to detect will be shown here. An example would be that a service (such as IIS) will be disabled during the upgrade to prevent malicious attacks on the server.

After you review the report, click Finish.

Performing Additional Tasks

Before proceeding with the installation, you can also select Perform Additional Tasks. These tasks enable you to set up a Remote Desktop Connection (RDC), browse the contents of the installation CD, and review the setup instructions and release notes.

Performing the Upgrade

At this point, your data is backed up, you have verified compatibility with the new operating system, and you have read the release notes. It's time to upgrade.

Select Install Windows .NET Server 2003 Server to begin the Windows .NET Server 2003 Setup Wizard.
From the setup screen, you need to select the installation type. Select Upgrade and click Next to continue.
After reviewing the license agreement, select I Accept This Agreement and click Next to continue.
If the installation media you are using require a product key, enter it here. The 25-character product key can be found on a sticker on the back of your Windows CD case. Enter the product key and click Next to continue.
The Setup Wizard next checks your computer for compatibility with Windows .NET Server 2003. You can review details about each item by clicking the Details button. Also, you can save the compatibility report by clicking the Save As button.
After reviewing any discrepancies and ensuring that no show-stoppers exist on the list, click Next to continue.
The Setup Wizard then finishes copying installation files and restarts the computer.

The process of completing the installation and activating Windows is the same for an upgrade as it is for an initial installation. Refer to the initial "Installing Windows .NET Server 2003" section for instructions.

Reference:

Installing Windows Server 2003 (Setting Up the Windows .NET Server 2003) #2

2008-01-19T12:07:00.000+07:00

Setting Up the Windows .NET Server 2003

Operating System

If you have installed Microsoft server operating systems before, you will be familiar with the look and feel of the .NET installation process.

The familiar blue background with white text is still there for the first half of the installation and, for the most part, the questions are the same. You still have to press F8 to accept the license agreement, but unlike with some older versions, you aren't required to page down to read the whole thing first anymore.

The next step is to set up the hard drive and partitions you want to install to. Although the process is similar to previous versions, you have some new options to choose from.

Follow the instructions to prepare and select your desired partition for installation.

Formatting the Partition

With older versions of the Windows operating system, you had two options when partitioning the hard drive: NTFS or FAT. You still have these familiar options, but two new ones for quick formatting have been added to the list, as shown in figure:

Figure:Options for formatting the Windows .NET Server 2003 partition.

Quick Formatting or Regular Formatting

When you select NTFS or FAT to format the partition, the drive must be formatted. This process can take a significant amount of time.

The new "quick" option can format the partitions much faster—in some cases more than 25 times faster! But be aware, in this instance the drive is not being truly formatted. The Quick Format option performs only a high-level format of a disk—using the tracks and sectors already defined by an earlier formatting. This option is most helpful when you're installing servers that did not previously contain any confidential information. And it really comes in handy when you're installing a server over and over in the lab.

FAT or NTFS

One of the most commonly asked questions when installing a Windows-based server is, "Should I select FAT or NTFS?"

FAT (which stands for file allocation table) has been around for a long time—since the days of MS-DOS. It was upgraded with Windows 95 SR-2, when FAT16 became FAT32, giving us the functionality of long filenames and allowing us to create larger disk and volume sizes.

Although the theoretical partition size with FAT32 is up to 2 terabytes, Windows .NET Server 2003 places a limitation that allows volumes only up to 32GB in size. Your file sizes are also limited; no file can be larger than 4GB (2GB in FAT16).

There are two scenarios in which you would have to use the FAT file system. First, you use it if you are building a .NET server on a machine that will have to dual-boot to an operating system that does not support NTFS (such as Windows 95). And second, you use it if you want the ability to boot the server to a floppy disk (such as a DOS or Win95 boot disk) to access the files on the root partition.

Keep in mind, however, that if you can boot your server to a floppy to access the files stored on the hard drive, so can someone else!

NTFS (New Technology File System) is the recommended file system for use with Windows .NET Server 2003, as it was for Windows 2000 and Windows NT servers. NTFS is actually NTFS5 and was upgraded with NT 4.0 Service Pack 4. This file system is less likely to become corrupt and is able to recognize errors and bad sectors of a hard drive. When one of these problems is discovered, the file system repairs itself automatically.

Windows .NET Server 2003 allows supported volume sizes up to 16 terabytes (minus 4KB), and the maximum file size is 16TB (minus 64KB).

Additionally, NTFS has better file security, disk compression, and encryption capabilities, and it can use fault-tolerant disk configurations such as mirroring and disk striping.

So, which file system do you use for Windows .NET Server 2003? The rule of thumb is if you don't have to use FAT for one of the reasons mentioned here, go with NTFS.

Customizing Regional and Language Options

After the boot partition is configured, all the operating system files will be copied there. The system will reboot, and the GUI portion of the installation will commence.

When customizing the Regional Options section, you can configure the Standards and Formats. These settings control how the workstation formats numbers, currencies, dates, and times. The Location setting provides you with local information, such as news and weather.

In the Languages section, you can modify the text services and input languages. Additionally, you can install supplemental language support for East Asian languages and support for complex script and right-to-left languages, including Thai.

Personalizing the Software

The Setup Wizard next asks for your name and that of your organization. This information is used during the setup to determine the default computer name. Additionally, it will be displayed on the Windows .NET Server 2003 screen in the Registered To section.

Many companies have a policy in place detailing how these fields are to be filled out. A common practice is to put the department or location (such as Human Resources or Oakland) in the Name field and the name of the company in the Organization field.

Inserting a Product Key

If you have installed previous versions of the Windows operating systems, the process of inserting a product key will be familiar to you. In the past, server and workstation installations required the inserting of a product key to activate the software.

With .NET, you still have to input a product key, but there are a few different scenarios. The .NET activation key initiative is described in the following sections.

Using a Retail Media Activation Key

When you purchase the installation media from a retail source, you will have to contact Microsoft (either online or by telephone) to activate your product key. This key is unique for each installation. Fortunately, you still can automate the installation by using technologies such as Windows Scripting Host (WSH) and Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI).

Using a Volume Media Activation Key

When you purchase the installation media as part of a Microsoft volume licensing program (such as Open or Select), no activation is required. Additionally, you will be able to use a common product key across all your installations.

Selecting Licensing Modes

Another point of confusion for many installers is the topic of licensing modes. When installing Windows .NET Server 2003, as in Windows 2000 and NT, you must select one of two licensing modes for the server. You can specify Per Server or Per Seat.

NOTE

If you are not sure which licensing mode to use for your environment, select Per Server. If necessary, you can make a one-time switch from Per Server to Per Seat, but the licensing does not allow the reverse switch from Per Seat to Per Server.

Per Server Licensing

In Per Server licensing mode, each server has a defined number of clients that are allowed to connect at any one time. Each server in the network that uses this mode must have enough client access licenses (CALs) purchased to cover the maximum number of concurrent connections the server is going to support. If the number of connections exceeds the configured number of CALs, clients may be locked out or receive Access Denied messages when they attempt to connect to network resources.

This option is typically selected by small companies with only one Windows .NET Server 2003 system because smaller organizations have a smaller number of users.

You may also want to select this option if you are configuring a Web server or Remote Access Service (RAS) server. You can configure the maximum number of users who will connect and, even if the client is not licensed as a .NET networking client, you are not breaking your licensing agreement.

Per Seat Licensing

In the Per Seat licensing mode, a CAL is required for each workstation (or seat) that connects to any licensed server. This includes users running any Windows operating system, Macintosh, or UNIX computers connecting to a Windows file server.

In this scenario, a workstation is not limited to connecting to only one server; client computers are allowed access to any server within a Windows network, as long as each client machine is licensed with a CAL.

This is the most common licensing option because most companies have more than one server. Although the cost of a CAL is more expensive than a Per Server client license, you have to pay only once for that user to access an unlimited number of Windows-based servers.

Setting Computer Name and Administrator Password

Next, you are prompted to enter a computer name and administrator password for your computer.

Choosing Your Computer Name

By default, the setup program suggests a computer name based on the information you provided earlier in the Organization field of the Personalize Your Software section. You can (and, in most instances, should) change that default name here. Insert the name you decided on earlier in the "Gathering the Information Necessary to Proceed" section of this chapter.

Selecting an Administrator Password

The Setup Wizard automatically creates a default account for the administrator called, surprisingly enough, Administrator. This account has local administrative privileges and enables you to manage all local configuration settings for the server. For the sake of security, you can (and should) rename this account after you complete the installation.

You need to decide on a password for this account. You must enter it twice—first in the Password box and then again in the Confirmation box.

As in previous Windows operating systems, the password is case sensitive and can contain up to 127 characters. You should choose your password carefully to ensure the security of the system.

If you enter a password that does not meet Microsoft's criteria for strong passwords, you will receive a Windows Setup warning, as shown in figure.

Figure: Password strength warning during setup.

For security reasons, you should never choose a password that does not meet the minimum criteria listed.

Modifying Date and Time Settings

The next step is to set the correct date and time, and select the appropriate time zone for your location. Additionally, if your location uses daylight saving time, make sure the box for that option is checked.

Modifying Network Settings

Next, you need to decide on the appropriate network settings for the server. These settings configure your computer so that it can connect to other computers, networks, and the Internet. You can select either Typical Settings or Custom Settings.

Typical Settings

When you choose Typical Settings, the Setup Wizard automatically configures the default network settings for the server. These default settings include the installation of the Client for Microsoft Networks, file and print access, and TCP/IP as the default protocol. Additionally, when configuring the TCP/IP settings, the server searches for a DHCP server. If it finds one, it will configure the server for a dynamic IP address. If no DHCP server is found, it will configure an Automatic Private IP Address (APIPA).

For most companies, the default client, services, and protocols selected will meet their needs, though you will likely want to change the TCP/IP settings and assign a static address for the server. See the earlier section "Network Protocol and IP Address of the Server" for more information.

Custom Settings

Selecting Custom Settings allows you to manually configure the networking components. By default, the Client for Microsoft Networks, File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks, and Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) are selected.

If you want to install additional clients, services, and/or protocols, or if you want to change the default configuration for these selections, selecting the Custom Settings option may be in order.

Joining a Workgroup or Computer Domain

If you are joining an existing domain, you will need the login name and password for a domain administrator in that domain. Alternatively, you can have the administrator of the domain add your computer name into the domain so that your server can connect.

If you do not know the name of the domain that the server will be a member of, or if you do not have the administrative rights to join the server to the domain, select a workgroup installation. You can easily join the server to a domain at a later time.

Completing the Installation

After you click Next, the Setup Wizard will complete the installation of the server, apply all the configuration settings that you specified, and remove all temporary setup files.

Upon completion, the computer will reboot and will load Windows .NET Server 2003.

Logging In

When you're prompted, press Ctrl+Alt+Delete to log in to Windows .NET Server 2003. The default administrator name should be displayed for you. You must type in the password that you assigned and click OK to continue.

Activating Windows .NET Server 2003

If your copy of Windows .NET Server 2003 needs to be activated, you can either click the icon in the system tray that looks like a pair of gold and silver keys, or you can choose Start, All Programs, Activate Windows.

You have the choice of activating Windows via the Internet or by telephone.

Activating Windows over the Internet

To activate your system via the Internet, select that option and click Next. You then are asked whether you want to register with Microsoft. This step is optional and not required to activate Windows. If you register, Microsoft will (with your consent) notify you of product updates, new products, events, and special offers.

Selecting Yes, I Want to Register and Activate Windows at the Same Time brings you to the Collecting Registration Data screen, as shown in figure.

Figure: Windows registration data collection screen.

Fill out the required information and click Next to continue. This begins the activation process as your server verifies connectivity to the Internet.

Selecting No, I Don't Want to Register Now; Let's Just Activate Windows starts the activation process as your server verifies connectivity to the Internet.

After connectivity is verified, you will see a window that confirms your copy of Windows has been activated. Click OK to close the Activation Windows Wizard.

Activating Windows .NET Server 2003 by Telephone

To activate Windows .NET Server 2003 by telephone, select Yes, I Want to Telephone a Customer Service Representative to Activate Windows and click Next to continue.

The Activate Windows Wizard quickly generates a new installation ID and continues to the next phase.

You are then instructed to select your location and are given a number to call. When you speak with the customer service representative, give him the installation ID that was automatically generated. The representative will then give you the confirmation ID to enter in step 4, shown in figure.

Figure: Activating Windows .NET Server 2003 by phone.

Reference:

Installing Windows Server 2003 (Preplanning and Preparing a Server Installation) #1

2008-01-19T11:08:00.000+07:00

Learn how to make the decisions to ensure that your installation of Windows .NET Server 2003 will meet your needs. You will also see the similarities this installation process has to those found in previous versions of Windows, and the new feature and performance enhancements that have improved the installation experience.

In This Chapter

This chapter describes the process for installing the Microsoft Windows .NET Server 2003 operating system. With the advances in Microsoft technologies over the years, many steps in the installation process have been simplified. For example, you still must verify that your hardware is supported by the operating system, but the Plug and Play capability of the application automatically detects and configures most hardware items. Thankfully, the days of determining the IRQ, base I/O address, and memory range of your system devices are, for the most part, in the past. In fact, Windows .NET Server 2003 has the easiest and most intuitive installation procedure of any Microsoft operating system to date.

The server, however, will not install itself. You still must make several decisions to ensure that your completed installation will meet your needs. This chapter walks you through these key decisions and helps you make the correct choices for your environment.

Preplanning and Preparing a Server Installation

Before you begin the actual installation of Windows .NET Server 2003, you must make several decisions. How well you plan these steps will determine how successful your installation is.

Verifying Minimum Hardware Requirements

The first step of the installation is verifying that your hardware meets the system requirements. Keep in mind that, although there is a minimum requirement for the CPU and RAM, there is also a recommended CPU and RAM configuration. For the sake of performance, you should usually stay away from the minimum requirements and stick to the recommended settings (or better). Table lists system recommendations for Windows .NET Server 2003.

Table System Requirements

Choosing a New Installation or an Upgrade

If you have an existing Windows environment, you may need to perform a new installation or upgrade an existing server. There are benefits to each of these options.

Should You Perform a New Installation?

The primary benefit of a new installation is that, by installing the operating system from scratch, you are starting with a known good server. You can avoid migrating problems that may have existed on your previous server—whether due to corrupt software, incorrect configuration settings, or improperly installed applications. Keep in mind, however, that you will also lose all configuration settings from your previous installation. Make sure you document your server configuration information and back up any data that you want to keep.

When performing a new installation, you can install on a new hard drive (or partition) or in a different directory on the same disk as a previous installation. Most new installations are installed on a new or freshly formatted hard drive. Doing so removes any old software and gives you the cleanest installation.

Should You Upgrade an Existing Server?

Upgrading, on the other hand, replaces your current Windows files but keeps existing users, settings, groups, rights, and permissions. In this scenario, you don't have to reinstall applications or restore data. Before choosing this option, keep in mind that you should test your applications for compatibility before migration. Just because they worked on previous versions of Windows does not mean they will work on Windows .NET Server 2003.

As always, before performing any type of server maintenance, you should perform a complete backup of any applications and data that you want to preserve.

To upgrade to Windows .NET Server 2003, you must be running a server-level operating system. You cannot upgrade Workstation or Home editions to Windows .NET Server 2003.

To upgrade your existing server, you must be running Windows 2000 or Windows NT 4.0 Server (Service Pack 5 or higher). Table lists the available upgrade paths to Windows .NET Server 2003.

Table Upgrade Compatibility for Windows .NET Server 2003

Determining the Type of Server to Install

You have the choice of making your server a domain controller (DC), a member server, or a standalone server. After you determine the tasks the server will perform, you can determine the role you will assign to it.

Domain controllers and member servers play a role in a new or existing domain. Standalone servers are not joined to a particular domain.

As in Windows 2000, you are able to promote or demote server functions as you like. Standalone servers can be joined to the domain to become member servers. Using the DCPromo utility, you can promote member servers to domain controllers. And, by uninstalling the Active Directory service from a domain controller, you can return it to member server status.

Gathering the Information Necessary to Proceed

During the installation of Windows .NET Server 2003, you will have to tell the Setup Wizard how you want your server configured. The wizard will take the information you provide and will configure the server settings to meet your specifications.

Taking the time to gather the information described in the following sections before starting your installation will likely make your installation go faster and easier.

The Computer Name

Each computer on a network must have a name that is unique within that network.

Many companies have a standard naming convention for their servers and workstations. If not, you can use the following information as a guideline for creating your own.

Although the computer name can contain up to 63 characters, workstations and servers that are pre–Windows 2000 recognize only the first 15 characters.

It is widely considered a best practice to use only Internet-standard characters in your computer name. This includes the letters A–Z (upper- and lowercase), the numbers 0–9, and the hyphen (-).

Although it's true that implementing the Microsoft domain name system (DNS) service in your environment could allow you to use some non-Internet standard characters (such as Unicode characters and the underscore), you should keep in mind that this is likely to cause problems with any non-Microsoft DNS servers on your network. You should think carefully and test thoroughly before straying from the standard Internet characters noted in the preceding paragraph.

Name of the Workgroup or Domain

During the server installation, the Setup Wizard will ask for the name of the workgroup or domain that the server will be joining. You can either enter the name of an existing organizational structure or enter a new name, creating a new workgroup or domain.

Users new to Microsoft networking may ask, "What is the difference between a workgroup and a domain?" Simply put, a domain is a collection of computers and supporting hardware that share the same security database. Grouping the equipment in this manner allows you to set up centralized security and administration. Conversely, a workgroup has no centralized security or administration. Each server or workstation is configured independently and locally for all security and administration settings.

Network Protocol and IP Address of the Server

When installing Windows .NET Server 2003, you must install and configure a network protocol that will allow it to communicate with other machines on the network.

Currently, the most commonly used protocol is called TCP/IP, which stands for Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. This protocol allows computers throughout the Internet to communicate.

After you install the TCP/IP protocol, you need to configure an IP address for the server. You can choose one of the following three methods to assign an IP address:

Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA) - APIPA can be used if you have a small network that does not have a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server, which is used for dynamic IP addresses. A unique IP address is assigned to the network adapter using the LINKLOCAL IP address space. The address always starts with 169.254 and is in the format 169.254.x.x. Note that if an APIPA is in use, and a DHCP server is brought up on the network, the computer will detect this and will use the address that is assigned by the DHCP service instead.
Dynamic IP Address - A dynamic IP address is assigned by a DHCP server. This allows a server to assign IP addresses and configuration information to clients. Some examples of the information that is distributed include IP address, subnet mask, default gateway, domain name system (DNS) server address, and Windows Internet Naming Service (WINS) server address. As the dynamic portion of the name suggests, this address is assigned to the computer for a configurable length of time, known as a lease. When the lease expires, the workstation must again request an IP address from the DHCP server. It may or may not get the same address that it had previously. Although servers and workstations can both be configured to use this method of addressing, it is generally used for workstations rather than servers.
Static IP Address - Using a static IP address is the most common decision for a server configuration. By static, we mean that the address will not change unless you change the configuration of the server. This point is important because clients and resources that need to access the server must know the address to be able to connect to it. If the IP address changed regularly, connecting to it would be difficult.

Backing Up Files

Whether you are performing a new installation on a previously used server or upgrading an existing server, you should perform a complete backup of the data and operating system before you begin your new installation. This way, you have a fallback plan if the installation fails or the server does not perform the way you anticipated.

When performing a new installation on a previously used server, you overwrite any data that was stored there. In this scenario, you will have to use your backup tape to restore any data that you want to preserve.

On the other hand, if you are going to upgrade an existing server, a known good backup will allow you to recover to your previous state if the upgrade does not go as planned.

NOTE
Many people back up their servers but never confirm that the data can be read from the backup media. When the time comes to recover their data, they find that the tape is unusable or unreadable, or that they do not know the proper procedures for restoring their server. You should perform backup/recovery procedures on a regular basis in a lab environment to make sure that your equipment is working properly and that you are comfortable with performing the process.

Viewing Your IP Address Information

2008-01-19T08:49:00.001+07:00

There are several ways you can determine your IP address information:

IPCONFIG

Start / Run / cmd
IPCONFIG /ALL

This opens a command window. One advantage is that you can send the information to a text file (IPCONFIG /ALL > c:\ip.txt)
But sometimes the window shows show much information you need to scroll around to fine it.

VIEW STATUS

Control Panel / Network Connections / Double click the icons for your network (If the network has an icon in the system tray you can also just double click on that icon)
Click on the Support tab
Click on the Details button

Running CHKDSK

2008-01-19T08:26:00.000+07:00

One way to run a chkdsk (this is like Scandisk that was with Win9X), is to

Double click on My Computer
Right click on the drive you want to check
Select Properties3
Click on the Tools tab
Click on the Check Now button
Check to Automatically fix file system errors - This is the same as running chkdsk /f
If you want to Scan for and attempt recovery of bad sectors, check that box - This is the same as running chkdsk /R. It can also add a lot of time to the scan
Reboot if necessary

You can also run chkdsk from the command line with will give you more options.
The following switches are available:

/F - fix any errors
/R - identifies bad sectors
/V - with FAT32, displays a verbose output

With NTFS Volumes:
/I - Performs simpler check (stage 2)
/C - Skips the checking of cycles within folder structures
/X - Forces the volume to dismount if necessary. Intended for server administrators and should be avoided for normal use

AYAH JANGAN LUPA

2008-01-13T19:28:00.000+07:00

Dengar, Nak: Ayah mengatakan ini pada saat kau terbaring tidur, sebelah tangan kecil merayap dibawah pipimu dan rambutmu yang keriting pirang lengket pada dahimu yang lembab. Ayah menyelinap masuk seorang diri ke kamarmu.
Baru beberapa menit yang lalu, ketika Ayah sedang membaca koran di ruang perpustakaan,
satu sapuan sesal yang amat dalam menerpa.
Dengan perasaan bersalah Ayah datang masuk menghampiri pembaringanmu.

Ada hal-hal yang Ayah pikirkan, Nak: Ayah selama ini bersikap kasar kepadamu. Ayah membentakmu ketika kau sedang berpakaian hendak pergi ke sekolah karena kau cuma menyeka mukamu sekilas dengan handuk. Lalu Ayah lihat kau tidak membersihkan sepatumu. Ayah berterika marah tatkala kau melempar beberapa barangmu ke lantai.

Saat makan pagi Ayah juga menemukan kesalahan. Kau meludahkan makananmu. Kau menelan terburu-buru makananmu. kau meletakkan sikumu di atas meja. Kau mengoleskan mentega terlalu tebal di rotimu. Dan begitu kau baru mulai bermain dan Ayah berangkat mengejar kereta api, kau berpaling dan melambaikan tangan sambil berseru, "Selamat jalan, ayah!" dan Ayah mengerutkan dahi, lalu menjawab, "Tegakkan bahumu!"

Kemudian semua itu berulang lagi pada sore hari.
Begitu Ayah muncul dari jalan, Ayah segera mengamatimu dengan cermat,
memandang hingga lutut, memandangmu yang sedang bermain kelereng.
Ada lubang-lubang pada kaus kakimu. Ayah menghinamu didepan kawan-kawanmu, lalu menggiringmu untuk pulang kerumah.
Kaus kaki mahal -- dan kalau kau yang harus membelinya, kau akan lebih berhati-hati!
Bayangkan itu, Nak, itu keluar dari pikiran seorang Ayah!

Apakah kau ingat, nantinya, ketika Ayah sedang membaca di ruang perpustakaan, bagaimana kau datang dengan perasaan takut, dengan rasa terluka dalam matamu? Ketika Ayah terus memandang koran, tidak sabar ganguanmu, kau jadi ragu-ragu di depan pintu. "Kau mau apa?" semprot Ayah.

Kau tidak berkata sepatah pun, melainkan berlari melintas dan melompat ke arah Ayah, kau melemparkan tanganmu melingkari leher Ayah dan mencium Ayah, tangan-tanganmu yang kecil semakin erat memeluk dengan hangat, kehangatan yang telah Tuhan tetapkan untuk mekar di hatimu dan bahkan pengabaian sekali pun tidak akan mampu melemahkannya. Dan kemudian kau pergi, bergegas menaiki tangga.

Nah, Nak, sesaat setelah itu koran jatuh dari tangan Ayah, dan satu rasa takut yang menyakitkan menerpa Ayah. Kebiasaan apa yang sudah Ayah lakukan? Kebiasaan dalam menemukan kesalahan, dalam mencerca -- ini adalah hadiah Ayah untukmu sebagai seorang anak lelaki. Bukan berarti Ayah tidak mencintaimu; Ayah lakukan ini karena Ayah berharap terlalu banyak dari masa muda. Ayah sedang mengukurmu dengan kayu pengukur dari tahun-tahun Ayah sendiri.

Dan sebenarnya begitu banyak hal yang baik dan benar dalam sifatmu. Hati mungil milikmu sama besarnya dengan fajar yang memayungi bukit-bukit luas. Semua ini kau tunjukkan dengan sikap spontanmu saat kau menghambur masuk dan mencium Ayah sambil mengucapkan selamat tidur. Tidak ada masalah lagi malam ini, Nak. Ayah sudah datang ke tepi pembaringanmu dalam kegelapan, dan Ayah sudah berlutut disana, dengan rasa malu!

Ini adalah sebuah rasa tobat yang lemah; Ayah tahu kau tidak akan mengerti hal-hal seperti ini kalau Ayah sampaikan padamu saat kau terjaga. Tapi esaok hari Ayah akan menjadi ayah sejati! Ayah akan bersahabat karib denganmu, dan ikut menderita bila kau menderita, dan tertawa bila kau tertawa. Ayah akan menggigit lidah Ayah kalau kata-kata tidak sabar keluar dari mulut Ayah. Ayah akan terus mengucapkannya kata ini seolah-olah sebuah ritual: "Dia cuma seorang anak kecil -- anak lelaki kecil!

Ayah khawatir sudah membayangkanmu sebagai seorang lelaki. Namun, saat Ayah memandangmu sekarang, Nak, meringkuk berbaring dan letih dalam tempat tidurmu, AYah lihat bahwa kau masih seorang bayi. Kemarin kau masih dalam gendongan ibumu, kepalamu berada di bahu ibumu. Ayah sudah meminta terlalu banyak, sungguh terlalu banyak.

W.Livingstone Larned

Make Money from your Website

2008-01-12T09:24:00.000+07:00

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Apply to Adbrite

2008-01-11T16:14:00.000+07:00

Sebagai pembuka wawasan, Adbrite adalah salah satu alternatif pendana blog terkemuka selain Google Adsense. Bila keduanya punya manfaat yang sama sebagai pemenuh pundi pundi dolar bagi pengelola blog misalnya, maka perbedaan nyata keduanya adalah penentuan materi iklan yang akan ditampilkan. Bila Adsense terkenal lihai dengan pemilihan padanan materi iklan yang sesuai dengan konten yang ada (contextual ads) maka Adbrite memberlakukan keputusan pemasangan iklan berada ditangan pemasang iklan sepenuhnya. Jadi kita akan terjun langsung ke dalam praktek periklanan seperti menawarkan iklan ke pihak pemasang iklan dan juga menawarkan harga yang sekiranya cocok untuk menarik minat pemasang iklan. Bila kalimat yang baru dicerna terdengar berat, jawabnya bisa berarti demikian. Namun hikmah dari kegiatan ini tentunya adalah kepedulian pemilik blog akan konten yang lebih aware dengan pengunjungnya. Jelas tak bertentangan dengan motivasi memiliki blog kan?, dan yang pasti turun langsung ke dalam praktek sesungguhnya jauh lebih berharga dari sekedar berteori ya?

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6.Selanjutnya ikuti langkah-langkah nya dan dapatkan kodenya HTML nya

Selamat mencoba..........

UMP 2008 in Sumatera Selatan for plantation sectoral

2008-01-11T14:32:00.000+07:00

UMP 2008 untuk sektor perkebunan

KHL / hari = Rp. 32.280,-
KHT / bulan = Rp. 807.000,-

How to install Windows Vista

2008-01-11T08:21:00.000+07:00

SUMMARY
This article describes how to upgrade to Microsoft Windows Vista from an earlier version of Microsoft Windows and how to perform a clean installation of Microsoft Windows Vista. To upgrade to Windows Vista, the operating system that is currently installed on the computer must be supported in the upgrade path to Windows Vista. This article lists the operating system requirements to upgrade to Windows Vista. This article also lists some methods that you can use to troubleshoot scenarios where you receive an "Upgrade has been disabled" message when you try to upgrade to Windows Vista. Additionally, this article describes two methods that you can use to start the Setup program to perform a clean installation of Windows Vista.

INTRODUCTION
This article contains information about how to upgrade to Windows Vista from an earlier version of Windows and how to perform a clean installation of Windows Vista.

MORE INFORMATION

Upgrade to Windows Vista
Important To make sure that you have the best possible experience when you upgrade to Windows Vista, follow these steps:

Exit all applications that are open before you upgrade to Windows Vista. This includes browsers and media players
Make sure that you are connected to the Internet when you start the upgrade process.
When you are prompted, Get important updates for installation, click Go Online.

Recommended minimum hardware requirements for Windows Vista
To view a list of recommended minimum hardware requirements, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:

919183 System requirements for Windows Vista

Operating system requirements to upgrade to Windows Vista
To view a list of Windows versions that can be upgraded to Windows Vista editions, see the following Microsoft Web site:
http://www.microsoft.com/windows/products/windowsvista/buyorupgrade/upgradepaths.mspx

Windows Vista Upgrade Advisor
Windows Vista Upgrade Advisor provides information about hardware and application compatibility issues and makes performance recommendations. To obtain Windows Vista Upgrade Advisor, visit the following Microsoft Web site:
http://www.microsoft.com/windows/products/windowsvista/buyorupgrade/upgradeadvisor.mspx

Upgrade procedure
To upgrade your computer to Windows Vista, follow these steps:

Start the computer by using the current operating system. Verify that the Microsoft Windows operating system that is currently installed on the computer is eligible for upgrade to Windows Vista.
Insert the Windows Vista DVD in the computer's DVD drive.
Use one of the following procedures, as appropriate:
- If Windows automatically detects the DVD, the Install now screen appears. Click Install now.
- If Windows does not automatically detect the DVD, follow these steps:
           a. Click Start, click Run, type Drive:\setup.exe, and then click OK.
               Note Drive is the drive letter of the computer's DVD drive.
           b. Click Install now.
When you reach the Which type of installation to you want? screen, click Upgrade to upgrade the current operating system to Windows Vista.

The Upgrade option is unavailable, and you receive an "Upgrade has been disabled" message
When you try to upgrade to Windows Vista, the Upgrade option is unavailable. Additionally, you receive the following message:
Upgrade has been disabled

This issue may occur if one of the following conditions is true:

The operating system that is currently installed on the computer is not supported in the upgrade path to Windows Vista.
You did not start the computer by using the current operating system. Instead, you started the computer from the Windows Vista DVD. To resolve this issue, start the computer by using the current operating system, and then run the Setup program from the current operating system.
The operating system is installed to a partition that uses the FAT32 file system. To resolve this issue, convert the file system on the partition to use the NTFS file system. For more information about how to resolve this issue, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:
307881 How to convert a FAT16 volume or a FAT32 volume to an NTFS file system in Windows XP
The partition on which you want to upgrade to Windows Vista has insufficient free hard disk space. To resolve this issue, free additional space on the hard disk. For more information about how to use the Disk Cleanup tool to free hard disk space, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:
310312 Description of the Disk Cleanup Tool in Windows XP

Perform a clean installation of Windows Vista
Warning In a clean installation, existing data is removed. This data includes personal data and settings. After you install the operating system, you must also reinstall all programs. Make sure that you back up personal data before you perform a clean installation.

To perform a clean installation of Windows Vista, use one of the following methods.

Method 1: Run the Setup program after you start the computer by using the current operating system

Start the computer by using the current operating system.
Insert the Windows Vista DVD in the computer's DVD drive.
Use one of the following procedures, as appropriate:
- If Windows automatically detects the DVD, the Install now screen appears. Click Install now.
- If Windows does not automatically detect the DVD, follow these steps:
           a. Click Start, click Run, type Drive:\setup.exe, and then click OK.
               Note Drive is the drive letter of the computer's DVD drive.
           b. Click Install now.
When you reach the Which type of installation do you want? screen, click Custom (advanced), and then follow the instructions that are displayed on the screen to install Windows Vista.

Method 2: Run the Setup program after you start the computer by using the Windows Vista DVD

Start the computer by using the Windows Vista DVD. To do this, insert the Windows Vista DVD in the computer's DVD drive, and then restart the computer.
Note To start the computer from the Windows Vista DVD, the computer must be configured to start from the DVD drive. For more information about how to configure the computer to start from the DVD drive, see the documentation that is included with the computer, or contact the computer manufacturer.
When the "Press any key to boot from CD" message is displayed on the screen, press a key.
Follow the instructions that are displayed on the screen to install Windows Vista.

PREFERENCES
For more information about Windows Vista, visit the following Microsoft Web site:
http://www.microsoft.com/windowsvista

For more information about the system requirements for Windows Vista, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:
919183 System requirements for Windows Vista

APPLIES TO
• Windows Vista Home Basic
• Windows Vista Home Premium
• Windows Vista Ultimate
• Windows Vista Business
• Windows Vista Enterprise
• Windows Vista Starter

The definitive dual-booting guide: Linux, Vista and XP step-by-step

2008-01-09T08:28:00.000+07:00

If you've ever asked for advice on how to set up dual-booting, you've doubtlessly come across online tutorials that only tell part of the story.

You probably ended up spending all weekend researching the intricacies of adjusting partition sizes, boot loaders, installing operating systems in the right order, and other fun topics.

Well, we have good news: we have put together the definitive dual-booting guide.

We've thoroughly tested these methods and taken screenshots of every step.

How to dual-boot XP and Vista
(with XP installed first)

How to dual-boot Vista and XP
(with Vista installed first)

How to dual-boot Linux and XP
(with Linux installed first)

How to dual-boot XP and Linux
(with XP installed first)

How to dual-boot Vista and Linux
(with Linux installed first)

How to dual-boot Vista and Linux
(with Vista installed first)

How to dual-boot Vista with Linux (Vista installed first)

2008-01-08T16:16:00.000+07:00

Scenario: You want the simplest way to dual-boot Vista and Linux. You've already installed Windows Vista and now want to dual-boot it with Ubuntu 7.04

Summary of tutorial: This is an updated tutorial - we previously used Ubuntu 6.10 and then modified the GRUB bootloader to force Ubuntu to recognise the Vista partition. In this tutorial, we'll use Ubuntu 7.04 which does a much better job in interacting with Vista. We'll use the Vista management tools to resize the main partition and install Ubuntu into the freed space.

This tutorial has been tested on a VMWare Workstation 6 machine and an ASUS P5AD2-based Intel system with 2GB RAM and an 80GB Seagate SATA drive.

Get started

Boot into Windows Vista and go into Disk Management - right-click My Computer, Manage, Disk Management.

Vista Disk Management

Right-click on the main Vista partition and select Shrink Volume

Vista Disk Management - Shrink Volume

The Shrink tool will assess how much space can be freed up.

Vista Disk Management - Shrink Volume 2

As a rule of thumb Shrink will reduce the main system partition by about 50%. As long as the partition is big enough to begin with (at least 10GB) it should accommodate both operating systems.

Select Shrink and the tool will reduce the volume of the primary partition, leaving the rest of the disk free as unpartitioned space.

Vista Disk Management - Shrink Volume 3

Once that's done, shut down the Vista machine.

Install Ubuntu

You'll need the latest desktop ISO of Ubuntu (7.04). You can choose a list of download mirrors from the Ubuntu website, or use this link from Planetmirror. Download the ISO and burn it to CD to create an Ubuntu Live CD.

Boot the Vista machine from the Live CD and select "Start or install Ubuntu".

Vista & Ubuntu - Install Ubuntu

Once the Live CD has loaded, double-click the Install icon on the desktop to start the installation process.
On the Welcome screen, choose your language and select Forward.

Vista & Ubuntu - Install Ubuntu - Language

On the "Where are you" (timezone) page, select your location and then Forward.

Vista & Ubuntu - Install Ubuntu - Timezone

On the next screen, choose the appropriate keyboard layout and then Forward.

Vista & Ubuntu - Install Ubuntu - Keyboard

Ubuntu will then load the disk partitioner to determine where it's going to be installed. Choose "Manual - use the largest continuous free space". This will automatically select the unpartitioned space we created earlier using the Shrink tool. Click Forward.

Vista & Ubuntu - Install Ubuntu - Disk Partitioner

On the Migrate Documents and Settings screen, if Ubuntu finds any user accounts to migrate, feel free to import it from Vista to Ubuntu. If it doesn't find any, obviously this isn't an option. Click Forward.

Vista & Ubuntu - Install Ubuntu - Migrate

On the "Who are you?" screen, enter your username and password details, then click Forward.

Vista & Ubuntu - Install Ubuntu - User Details

On the "Ready to install" screen, you'll see that Ubuntu now has enough information to commence the installation. In the summary under Migrate Assistant, it should say "Windows Vista/Longhorn (loader)". This means that regardless of whether Ubuntu found any user account to migrate, it certainly knows that Windows Vista is installed on the other partition and is aware of it. Click Install.

Vista & Ubuntu - Install Ubuntu - Install

See the install through and then let it boot into Ubuntu.

When the install is complete the system will reboot. When the GRUB boot menu is displayed, have a look at the last entry in the list.

Vista & Ubuntu - GRUB Bootloader

After the Ubuntu boot options, there will be an entry “Other operating systems” and beneath that "Windows Vista/Longhorn loader”. By default Ubuntu will load itself after 10 seconds, but you can select the Vista option and Vista will boot normally.

Configure GRUB

If you want to modify how GRUB handles the new dualbooting environment, you need to edit the boot menu. Boot into Ubuntu and open up a Terminal window (Applications, Accessories, Terminal), and type in:

sudo cp /boot/grub/menu.lst /boot/grub/menu.lst_bak

and enter your root password when asked - this makes a backup of the GRUB menu file just in case things go wrong.

Next, type in:

sudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst

Dualboot - Configure Boot Menu

This opens up the boot menu as a text file in gedit.

Dualboot - Boot Options

There are loads of options you can change, but only a couple that you’re likely to be interested in. The default boot entry is defined by the “default” value.

The default value is 0, which means that the first entry in the list (which is Ubuntu) always gets loaded.

If you want to make it so that Windows Vista loads by default, change the value to 4, as Vista is the fifth item in the list (the numbering system starts at 0 and "Other operating systems" counts as a line).

The other way to load Windows Vista by default is to change the value for “default” from a numerical value to “saved”. Then, GRUB will load whichever boot entry has been marked with “savedefault”.

If you scroll down the list and have a look at the entries, you’ll notice that both the main Ubuntu entry and Windows Vista have been marked with “savedefault”. Remove the value for Ubuntu and Windows Vista will launch by default.

It's also worthwhile changing the description of the Vista entry from "Windows Vista/Longhorn (loader" to just "Windows Vista".

You can also increase the boot menu timeout – just change the value for “timeout”. You can also hide the GRUB boot menu by removing the hash in front of “hiddenmenu”. Save and exit gedit to keep any changes.

If instead of GRUB you want Vista's bootloader to be in charge, load up the Vista installation and install EasyBCD. Go to “Manage Bootloader”, then “Reinstall the Vista Bootloader”, an GRUB is overwritten. You can then configure the Vista bootloader to add Linux to the boot menu.

How to dual-boot Vista with Linux (Linux is already installed)

2008-01-08T15:25:00.000+07:00

Scenario: You have Linux already installed but want to dual boot it with Vista on the same hard drive.

Summary of tutorial: We'll dual-boot Ubuntu 7.04 with Vista. With Ubuntu already installed and owning the entire drive, we'll use the latest version of GParted to shrink the Linux partition to create space for a Vista install. Then, as Vista's MBR will then overwrite GRUB, we'll reinstall GRUB to the Linux partition and use EasyBCD to modify the Vista bootloader so that it will boot Ubuntu.

This tutorial is an updated version of our previous Ubuntu/Vista dual-booting workshop. The main differences with this version are the newer versions of Ubuntu, GParted and EasyBCD, and we bypass using the DISKPART utility during the Vista install.

This tutorial has been tested on a VMWare Workstation 6 machine and an ASUS P5AD2-based Intel system with 2GB RAM and an 80GB Seagate SATA drive.

Get started

Preparing a Linux system to dual boot with Vista is very much like preparing an XP system. You first have to shrink the existing OS partition (in this tutorial, Ubuntu) to make way for Vista.

We’ll use a third-party application called GParted – the GNOME Partition Editor. GParted is available as a system application on the Ubuntu Live CD (System > Administration > GNOME Partition Editor), but we'll use the GParted LiveCD in this workshop.

The GParted Live CD ISO is available here – burn it to CD and boot the system from the disc. The version we used was 0.3.4-7.

Boot the Linux machine from the GParted LiveCD. Depending on your system, you should just need to select the auto-configuration boot option.

Ubuntu & Vista - GParted

During boot, press Enter twice when prompted to select the keymap and language settings. When the main GUI loads, right-click on the main partition (depending on your setup, probably /dev/sda1) and select Resize/Move.

Ubuntu & Vista - GParted Resize

Use the slider to create sufficient space to house the Vista installation (about 10GB) then click Resize/Move.

Ubuntu & Vista - GParted Resize 2

The resize becomes a pending operation - click Apply to commit the change. Once that's done, right-click on the /dev/sda1 partition (or the equivalent - the partition you just resized) and select Manage Flags. This partition is marked as a boot partition, and this means that the Vista installation won't work properly while there's a bootable non-Windows partition on the system. Remove the boot flag and click Close.

Ubuntu & Vista - GParted Flags

And that’s it – GParted really is one of the best partitioning tools out there. Quit GParted and double-click the Shutdown icon, then shut down the system. Then, fire up the machine with the Vista install DVD.
Step through the installation process until you get to the partition selection screen. Select the newly-created space (should be Disk 0 Unallocated Space), and click Next to continue the installation.

Ubuntu & Vista - Install Vista

Go and grab a coffee - Vista will install and reboot the system

Reinstall GRUB

During the installation, Vista will overwrite the MBR and GRUB will be lost. When you the machine reboots, Linux is nowhere to be seen.

Once Vista is installed the GRUB bootloader is gone and you have no way of booting Linux. However, if you simply reinstall GRUB to the MBR it will overwrite the Vista bootloader and you'll have to manually configure GRUB to boot Vista. This can be done by the way - check out our workshop on dual-booting Vista and Ubuntu where Vista is installed first.

However, in this tutorial we're going to keep the Vista bootloader and modify it to boot Ubuntu. But, we can't do this without GRUB, so we'll install it to the partition which was the Ubuntu boot partition, rather than to the MBR.

To do this, we need to boot the system using the Ubuntu Live CD.

When the CD loads, launch a terminal window (Applications > Accessories > Terminal).

Ubuntu & Vista - Terminal

In the terminal, type:

sudo grub

This will put you in superuser mode and launch the GRUB application.

To find the partition with the GRUB boot files, type in:

find /boot/grub/stage1

Ubuntu & Vista - sudo grub

The response should be “(hd0,0)” or something similar – this is where you need to reinstall GRUB.

Set this location as root for the current session:

root (hd0,0)

Ubuntu & Vista - set root

Then type in:

setup (hd0,0)

This will reinstall the GRUB bootloader to disk 0, partition 0. If you type in “setup (hd0)” then GRUB will be reinstalled to the MBR and will overwrite Vista’s bootloader.

Ubuntu & Vista - setup grub

Type in “quit”, exit the terminal window, and you’re done. Reboot the system and boot into Vista (at this point, you still won't see any option to boot into Linux).

Create the Linux boot option in Vista

Boot back into Vista. Download EasyBCD 1.60 and install it. EasyBCD is third-party GUI front end to the BCEDIT bootloader editor in Vista.

Then launch the EasyBCD program. Go to Add/Remove Entries in the left menu, and then the “Linux/BSD” tab.

Ubuntu & Vista - EasyBCD

In the Linux/BSD tab, under the “Type” dropdown menu, select Grub. The default name is “NeoSmart Linux" but you can change it to “Ubuntu” or whatever. Click the Drive drop-down menu and choose the correct partition - if you installed GRUB to (hd0,0), then select Drive 0, Partition 0.

Ubuntu & Vista - EasyBCD Linux

Select "Add Entry" and then "Save". Exit EasyBCD and restart the machine.

Ubuntu & Vista - EasyBCD Updated

Now you should be presented with a boot menu with two boot options - Vista and Ubuntu. Select the Ubuntu boot option and it will load GRUB and boot from the Ubuntu partition.

Ubuntu & Vista - Boot Menu

And that's pretty much it. Dual-booting any operating system with Vista can be a bit messy due to Vista's annoying habit of ignoring all other bootloaders on the system, but you can always get around it.

How to dual boot Windows XP and Linux (XP installed first)

2008-01-08T15:00:00.000+07:00

Scenario: You want to install Linux on your system which is already running Windows XP. (If you're going in the other direction, installing XP on a system that already has Linux on it, or you want to dual-boot with Vista, check out one of our other tutorials.)

Tutorial Summary: We’re assuming that Windows XP is already up and running on your system. We’ll install Ubuntu 7.04 over the top to dualboot both operating system.

This tutorial has been tested on a VMWare Workstation 6 machine and an ASUS P5AD2-based Intel system with 2GB RAM and an 80GB Seagate SATA drive.

Download Ubuntu

The first thing is to make sure you have the Ubuntu Live CD. You can certainly use Ubuntu 7.04 for this tutorial instead and it should work pretty much the same. However, the screenshots won’t be the same and there may be some steps which don’t match.

You can grab a copy of Ubuntu 7.04 from here:

http://public.planetmirror.com/pub/ubuntu/releases/7.04/ubuntu-7.04-desktop-i386.iso

Burn the ISO to a CD and you’re ready to go.

Prepare the XP System

Fortunately there’s almost no preparation needed from the perspective of the XP partition. Of course it needs sufficient space to install Ubuntu, and you can certainly create this space manually using either the latest version of the GNOME Partition Editor (available here), or use the application from the Ubuntu Live CD.

However, Ubuntu will use the same partition managing tools during installation, so we can leave it until that stage of the install.

Install Ubuntu

Boot the XP machine from the Live CD and select "Start or install Ubuntu".

XP & Ubuntu - Install Ubuntu

Once the Live CD has loaded, double-click the Install icon on the desktop to start the installation process.
On the Welcome screen, choose your language and select Forward.

XP & Ubuntu - Install Ubuntu - Language

On the "Where are you" (timezone) page, select your location and then Forward.

XP & Ubuntu - Install Ubuntu - Timezone

On the next screen, choose the appropriate keyboard layout and then Forward.

XP & Ubuntu - Install Ubuntu - Keyboard

Now Ubuntu loads the disk partitioner. The first option, to resize the main partition and use the freed space, is pretty much the best one to go with.

Dualboot - Partition Disks

The default recommendation for the new partition size is optimal, but you can move the slider up and down to change it as you see fit. If you’re feeling brave, you can also manually edit the partition table, but unless you’re really confident about what you're doing, this isn’t recommended.

Click Forward to continue.

Ubuntu now has enough information to install, so click Install and go make a coffee.

When the install is complete the system will reboot. When the GRUB boot menu is displayed, have a look at the last entry in the list.

After the Ubuntu boot options, there will be an entry “Other operating systems” and beneath that “Microsoft Windows XP Professional” (or Home, whichever version you’re using). By default Ubuntu will load itself after 10 seconds.

Dualboot - GRUB Boot Menu

If you choose to boot Windows XP at this point, it will probably launch a check on its partition. This is because the partition has been resized since last boot, and it will want to run a consistency check to make sure there are no problems.

When XP loads, it will also probably detect new hardware (again, the resized partition) and will prompt to reboot.

Dualboot - Reboot XP

On reboot it will probably run through another, longer consistency check and then reboot. This is the last time you’ll need to do this.

Configure GRUB

If you want to modify how GRUB handles the new dualbooting environment, you need to edit the boot menu. Boot into Ubuntu and open up a Terminal window (Applications, Accessories, Terminal), and type in:

sudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst

Dualboot - Configure Boot Menu

This opens up the boot menu as a text file in gedit.

Dualboot - Boot Options

There are loads of options you can change, but only a couple that you’re likely to be interested in. The default boot entry is defined by the “default” value.

The default value is 0, which means that the first entry in the list (which is Ubuntu) always gets loaded.

If you want to make it so that Windows XP loads by default, change the value to 4, as XP is the fifth item in the list (the numbering system starts at 0).

The other way to load Windows XP by default is to change the value for “default” from a numerical value to “saved”. Then, GRUB will load whichever boot entry has been marked with “savedefault”.

If you scroll down the list and have a look at the entries, you’ll notice that both the main Ubuntu entry and Windows XP have been marked with “savedefault”. Remove the value for Ubuntu and Windows XP will launch by default.

You can also increase the boot menu timeout – just change the value for “timeout”. You can also hide the GRUB boot menu by removing the hash in front of “hiddenmenu”. Save and exit gedit to keep any changes.

And that’s about it. Dualbooting Windows XP and Linux when Windows is installed first is by far the easiest method of dualbooting, because most up-to-date Linux distros are very aware and accommodating of other operating systems, and GRUB is an excellent and highly flexible bootloader.

How to dual boot Linux and Windows XP (Linux installed first)

2008-01-08T11:18:00.000+07:00

Scenario: You want to install XP on your machine alongside your existing Linux installation, on the same drive. You have installed Ubuntu already. (If you have already have XP installed, check out our tutorial on how to dual-boot Linux with XP, with XP installed first .)

Tutorial Summary: We're going to use the Gnome Partition Editor (Gparted) from the Ubuntu LiveCD to shrink the main Ubuntu data partition on the hard disk and create enough space for an installation of XP.

We'll then install XP, and, because XP overwrites the master boot record, we'll restore the GRUB boot loader so that either XP or Linux can be selected at boot time.

This is an updated tutorial from our previous Linux/XP workshop. That version was written using Ubuntu 6.10, whereas this tutorial was written for Ubuntu 7.04.

These steps have been tested in both an ASUS P5AD2-based system with an 80GB Seagate SATA drive and a VMWare 6 virtual machine.

Prepare the Ubuntu System

The assumption is that the Ubuntu system has been installed on a single hard drive which has enough space to accommodate both operating systems.

The first step is to create enough space on the disk to install Windows XP. The Ubuntu Live CD does contains GNOME Partition Editor, which can be used to resize Linux partitions, but the Live CD for Ubuntu 7.04 has an annoying tendency to mount the filesystem while it's checking it. This causes an partition work to bring up an error. It does work, but it's messy. So instead we'll use the GParted LiveCD, which acts independently of the OS and doesn't give us any grief.

The GParted LiveCD ISO is available here – burn it to CD and boot the system from the disc. The version we used was 0.3.4-7.

Boot the Ubuntu machine from the GParted LiveCD. Depending on your system, you should just need to select the auto-configuration boot option.

During boot, press Enter twice when prompted to select the keymap and language settings. When the main GUI loads, right-click on the main partition (depending on your setup, probably /dev/sda1) and select Resize/Move.

Use the slider to create sufficient space to house the XP installation then click Resize/Move.

Once that's done, quit GParted and reboot the machine from the Windows XP CD.

Now, install Windows XP

Once the CD has loaded, press Enter to install Windows XP, then F8 to accept the license agreement.

When the partition screen loads, you can see that Windows Setup can see the two existing Ubuntu partitions and has interestingly assigned them drive letters (even though it can't read them.)

The space we’ve just created is also there, so select that and hit Enter.

Windows XP - Select Partition

Because the primary active partition (/dev/hda1) has been marked as bootable, Windows can’t be installed until this partition has been marked inactive so that the new partition can take over. This is pretty much the same as installing Windows Vista. Hit Enter to make this change and then format the new partition.

Windows XP - Mark Partition Active

Unfortunately because XP detected the two Ubuntu partitions and assigned them drive letters, the new partition which Windows is going to be installed on will be assigned drive letter F:, which is definitely a non-standard drive letter for Windows.

However, it’s not that much of a problem – at least as far as Windows and therefore most other intelligent applications go.

It could be a problem for older apps which don’t look to the Windows settings and make assumptions about where they can install themselves (for example, apps that are hard coded to install to Drive C).

Reboot the system once Windows is installed and you’ll see that it boots straight into XP. Ubuntu’s GRUB bootloader in the MBR (Master Boot Record) has been overwritten, so Ubuntu isn’t bootable at this point in time.

There are ways to make the Ubuntu partition bootable while still using XP’s bootloader in the MBR. However this is fiddly and involves using FAT32 partitions, as FAT32 is readable by both XP and Ubuntu. Wherever possible I avoid using FAT32 – it’s nowhere near as optimised as NTFS, and you lose out on all the enhanced security and permissions features.

Reinstating GRUB as the system bootloader is a much better alternative – it handles pretty much any operating system you care to throw at it, and it’s very easy to administer.

Reinstall GRUB to the MBR

The next step is to reinstate GRUB as the system bootloader. Boot the system using the Ubuntu Live CD.

Go into the GNOME Partition Editor and you can see that the Windows XP Partition is detected as /dev/hda2 and has been marked as the boot partition.

It can actually stay as the boot partition, but as we’re going to reinstall GRUB it makes sense to change this – it doesn’t adversely effect XP.

Right-click the Windows partition and select Manage Flags.

Untick “boot” and select Close.

Then right-click the primary Ubuntu partition (/dev/hda1), select Manage Flags and tick “boot”, then Close. Done.

GParted - Manage Flags

GParted - Mark Bootable

Now to reinstall GRUB. Open up Terminal (Applications, Accessories, Terminal) and type in:

sudo grub

This will launch the GRUB application. Now type in:

find /boot/grub/stage1

This will search for where GRUB has been installed, and you should get the result hd(0,0).

Change the active root to this location by typing in:

root (hd0,0)

Now we’re going to reinstall GRUB to the MBR rather than the Ubuntu partition.

If we were going to use the Windows XP bootloader then we’d reinstall GRUB to hd(0,0), but as we’re not, type in:

setup (hd0)

This restores GRUB to the MBR. Type in QUIT and then EXIT to get out of GRUB and Terminal respectively, then reboot the system. Ubuntu will load by default.

Modify the Boot Menu

What we need to do now is modify the GRUB boot menu to allow Windows XP to load. Boot the system into Ubuntu and go to Terminal. Type in:

sudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst

This loads the GRUB menu file (which is basically a text file) within GEdit.

Navigate down to the section which after “## ## End Default Options ##".

These are the individual menu items in the GRUB menu.

Ubuntu & XP - GRUB Menu

To create a new entry, navigate down to the end of the list (although it can go anywhere really) and enter the following lines:

title Windows XP

root (hd0,1)

makeactivechainloader +1

This places an item in the boot menu to launch Windows XP from its own partition (hd0,1).

If you like, scroll up to the top of MENU.LST and find the line called TIMEOUT.

The numerical value assigned to TIMEOUT dictates how long you’ve got to go into the boot menu (in seconds) before the default boot item loads.

When configuring a dual-/multi-boot system I find it better to increase this value.

Just above TIMEOUT is DEFAULT. This specifies which boot entry is the default.

The numbering system starts at 0 and counts upwards, so the DEFAULT = 0 means that Ubuntu is always the default entry.

If you want Windows XP to be the default, replace the value.

Save MENU.LST and exit from GEdit, then restart the system.

Hit ESC when prompted to bring up the boot menu, and there’s the newly-created Windows XP entry.

Navigate to this boot item and hit Enter – Windows XP will load.

Uninstalling Windows XP

If you decide after a while that this dualbooting situation is no good and you wish to scrap Windows XP, it’s actually very easy.

Go through the process outlined above to modify the MENU.LST and remove the Windows boot entry.

Then boot off the Ubuntu Live CD and go into GNOME Partition Editor. Right-click the Windows partition (/dev/hda2) and select Delete.

Then right-click the main Ubuntu partition (/dev/hda1) and select Resize/Move.

Drag the edge of the partition to reclaim the space you’ve just freed up by deleting the Windows XP partition and click Resize.

There will now be two actions waiting in the Operations window. Hit Apply and these changes are made.

This take your system right back to the start before Windows was installed, and is actually quite a graceful exit from the dualboot scenario.

How to dual-boot Vista with XP - step-by-step guide with screenshots

2008-01-08T10:00:00.000+07:00

Scenario: You want to install Vista on your PC alongside your XP installation, on the same drive. You have already installed XP. (If you installed Vista first, see our other tutorial on How to dual-boot Vista and XP - with Vista installed first.)

Tutorial Summary: We're going to use the DISKPART utility on the Vista DVD to shrink the Windows XP partition on the hard disk and create enough space for an installation of Vista. We'll then install Vista and use the EasyBCD utility to modify Vista's bootloader to get XP loading properly.

This is an updated tutorial,based on our first Windows XP/Vista dual-booting workshop. The main difference is that we're covering using both the latest version of GParted and DISKPART to shrink the Windows XP partition.

DISKPART can shrink NTFS partitions and it's certainly the more convenient option, but on some systems using DISKPART to shrink the volume will fail, with an vague "Access is denied" error.

This may have something to do with different disk controllers, as this was a problem on the AcerPower test system which has a SATA hard drive, but not on the VMWare system which uses a virtual IDE controller. So we'll cover both processes

EasyBCD has also been updated since the first tutorial was written.

This tutorial was tested on a VMWare Workstation 6 virtual machine and an AcerPower SK50.

Get Started - Using GParted

We assume that before you start this tutorial, you have backed up the drive (partitions and data) that will host the two operating systems.

Your first step will be to modify the Windows XP system partition to make space for Vista using GParted

The GParted Live CD ISO is available here – burn it to CD and boot the system from the disc. The version we used was 0.3.4-7.

Boot the Linux machine from the GParted LiveCD. Depending on your system, you should just need to select the auto-configuration boot option.

During boot, press Enter twice when prompted to select the keymap and language settings.

When the main GUI loads, right-click on the main Windows XP NTFS partition (depending on your setup, probably /dev/hda1) and select Resize/Move.

XP & Vista - Resize Partition

Use the slider to reduce the partition size and free up enough room to instal Vista (at least 10GB) and click Resize/Move.

XP & Vista - Resize Partition 2

The changes haven’t actually been made, they’ve just been scheduled to run. To commit the changes and resize the partition, click Apply. GParted will ask to confirm the changes – hit OK and away you go.

Get Started - Using DISKPART

Boot the machine from the Vista DVD. Select the appropriate language and then "Install Now".

XP & Vista - Load Vista

On the produt key page, press SHIFT + F10 to launch a Windows PE 2.0 command window. Then type in DISKPART and press enter to get into the DISKPART utility.

XP & Vista - DISKPART

Now type in LIST VOLUME - this gives you a readout of the volumes available on the system. Select the main Windows XP volume (probably Volume 0) by typing in SELECT VOLUME 0.

XP & Vista - DISKPART Volume

Now type in SHRINK. Vista will reduce the size of Volume 0 (the selected Volume) by around 50%.

XP & Vista - DISKPART Shrink

Once that is done, type in EXIT and EXIT again to get back to the Vista installation window.

Now Install Vista
If you used the GParted LiveCD to shrink the XP partition, you'll need to reboot the system from the Vista install DVD. If you've used DISKPART then you just need to continue the installation.
Once the install gets to the install location, there should be at least two options: a partition marked as Primary and unallocated space. Select the unallocated space and click Next. The install will then commence.

XP & Vista - Install Vista

The Vista boot manager will take over the system completely, and Windows XP effectively loads via Vista. It’s all pretty seamless though, and you shouldn’t encounter any technical problems.

Modify Vista's Bootloader

Once Vista is installed and the system reboots, you’ll be presented with a boot menu with two options: “Microsoft Windows Vista” and “An Earlier Version of Windows”.

XP & Vista - Boot Menu

This is perhaps a little bit bland, so you’ll probably want to change it. Here’s where one of the new features of Vista comes in, and it’s not so terrific. In Windows XP if you want to modify the bootloader, just right-click on My Computer, select Properties, go to the Advanced Tab, and click Settings under Startup and Recovery, then click Edit. This opens a local file – boot.ini. It’s just a standard text file and you can change pretty much anything. Unfortunately it’s not that easy in Vista – you can still navigate to the Startup and Recovery settings, but all you can do is select which operating system is the default and modify the timeout settings.

To edit Vista’s boot manager you have to use the command line BCDEDIT utility. To access BCDEDIT, run the Command Window as an administrator and type in BCDEDIT.

Unfortunately BCDEDIT isn’t an easy tool to come to terms with, especially as it’s purely command line-driven. So, a great tool to use here is EasyBCD by NeoSmart Technologies. EasyBCD offers a GUI frontend to BCDEDIT, and makes life much easier.

Once Vista is installed, call up the browser and navigate to the EasyBCD download page - download, install and launch the application.

To configure the bootloader go to “Configure Boot” – you’ll see the two entries, for XP and Vista. To change the name of Windows XP, just overwrite “Earlier Version of Windows” with “Windows XP” and click Save Settings.

XP & Vista - Modify Boot

Reboot the system and the changes are visible. You have a dual-booting Vista and XP system. That's all there is to it.

XP & Vista - Changed Boot

Open up Windows Explorer and there’s two hard drives – the primary disk running Vista and the secondary disk with XP installed. Restart the system and load up Windows XP, and the XP disk is now the primary, with the Vista partition running on the secondary D: drive

If you decide that dual-booting Vista and XP is not for you, EasyBCD lets you wind back the clock.

All you have to do is remove Vista’s boot manager – go to “Manage Bootloader”, select “Uninstall the Vista Bootloader” and then “Write MBR”. Restart the machine and that’s it – the XP boot loader is the only one left on the system and XP loads. You can then delete the Vista partition and use GParted to re-extend the partition to take up the entire disk, or the Extend command in Vista DISKPART.

How to dual boot Vista and XP (with Vista installed first) -- the step-by-step guide

2008-01-08T07:51:00.000+07:00

Scenario: You want to install Vista on your PC alongside your XP installation, on the same drive. You have installed Vista already. (If you have XP installed first, check out our earlier tutorial on how to dual boot Vista and XP with XP installed first.)

Tutorial Summary: We're going to use the DISKPART on the Vista DVD to shrink the Vista partition on the hard disk and create enough space for an installation of Vista. We'll then install XP, repair the Vista bootloader which will be overwritten during the XP installation, and then use the EasyBCD utility to configure Vista's bootloader to boot the XP partition.

This is an updated tutorial, based on our first Windows Vista/XP dual-booting workshop. The main difference is that EasyBCD has been updated, but the processes are essentially unchanged.

This tutorial was tested on a VMWare 6 Workstation and an AcerPower SK50 system.

Prepare Windows Vista

This tutorial assumes that Vista has been installed on a partition which takes up 100% of the hard drive, so we need to create some space. Boot off the Vista DVD. Hit Next from the start screen and then select “Install now”. (If Vista came preinstalled on your machine and you don't have a Vista install DVD, you can use the Gnome Partition Editor Gparted to do it. Our earlier tutorial on dual-booting XP and Vista if you've installed XP first describes how to use it.)

Install Vista

Don’t type in your product key and untick “Automatically activate Windows when I’m online”, then hit “Next”, and “No” when asked whether you want to enter the key.

Vista Product Key

When prompted to choose the edition of Vista you’re installing you can actually select any of them as we’re not doing a Vista install at this point. Also tick “I have selected the edition of Windows that I purchased” and hit “Next”.

Vista Version

Accept the license terms and hit “Next” again, then choose a Custom installation.

On the screen where you’re asked where you want to install Windows, you should see a single large partition marked Primary – this is where Vista is already installed.

Vista Partition

Press SHIFT + F10. This is a Windows PE 2.0 shortcut to open up a command window – very useful trick.

Command Tool

Type in DISKPART and press Enter. This opens the Microsoft DiskPart application. You need to select the active disk, so type in:

list disk

The primary disk is generally Disk 0, so type in:

select disk 0

DISKPART Disk

Now we need a list of volumes on this disk, so type in:

list volume

In this case Volume 0 is the one we want, so type in:

select volume 0

DISKPART Volume

Now type in:

shrink

DISKPART Shrink

DiskPart will go off and reclaim as much of the drive as it can – you should get at least 50% of the space back.

Now type

EXIT

and

EXIT (again)

to quit the command window and get back to the install screen. Click Refresh and the partition window will update – you should now see the original Primary partition plus a brand new partition.

New Partitions

This is where we will install Windows XP. Eject the DVD, restart the machine (just hit the reset button) and boot off the Windows XP CD.

Now, install Windows XP

When the Windows XP setup reaches the point where you’re prompted where it is to be installed, you’ll see that while XP can see the space we created earlier, it can also see the partition with Vista on it.

XP Partition

You should be able to see the space you reclaimed on the disk earlier which has become "unallocated space".

Create a second partition using the Windows XP installer screen above by selecting the free space on the drive and pressing "C" to create a partition (if prompted, choose NTFS as the file system.)

Irritatingly, XP assigns a drive letter to this partition (C:) which means that it will use the next available drive letter after all the other physical drives have been taken into account.

This means that the system drive of the XP installation won’t be C:.

From XP’s perspective this isn’t really a problem – it’s smart enough to figure out where everything should go – but some applications make assumptions about where they should install to, and can’t cope with a non-standard Windows configuration.

This was also the case with our tutorial on dualbooting Ubuntu and XP, where Ubuntu had been installed first. However in that scenario, even though the XP system drive had a non-standard drive letter, it couldn’t read the Linux partitions so there was no danger of the two systems overlapping. This is not the case with Vista/XP.

Nonetheless, install XP as normal – there’s no need to do anything differently.

IMPORTANT NOTE – after the initial file copy, Windows XP reboots and loads up the GUI-based component of the install. You may get the following error: “A disk read error occurred – press Ctrl-Alt-Del to continue”. This is caused by a corrupt bootloader – click here to see how to fix this problem.

When the system reboots it won’t bring up a boot menu. Although XP recognises the Vista partition it doesn’t recognise Vista itself.

The Windows XP bootloader gets installed to the MBR and Vista can no longer boot.

When XP loads, open up Windows Explorer and you’ll see something interesting – a C: and (in this case) an E: drive.

The C: drive contains Windows Vista, and as Windows XP can read NTFS partitions, it can browse and modify Vista’s file structure.

More importantly, applications which have installation paths hard-coded into their install scripts rather than using Windows system parameter variables could easily dump files into C: when they should be installing to E:. This isn’t such a great situation.

Two Drives

Restoring Vista and dual booting

Because you can’t use the Windows XP bootloader to boot Vista, we have to reinstate Vista’s bootloader to the MBR and configure it to manage both operating systems.

Compared with scenarios involving Ubuntu where you have to reinstall the GRUB bootloader, getting Vista up and operational again is very easy.

Boot from the Vista DVD and on the screen where you’re prompted to “Install now”, select “Repair your computer”.

Repair Vista

The next screen searches for local Vista installations – there should only be one, so click Next.

Choose Vista

This loads the System Recovery Options screen. Select the first option – Startup Repair. This looks for problems which would prevent Vista from loading (like a missing bootloader) and automatically fixes them.

Startup Repair

If you click on “Click here for diagnostic and repair details” and scroll to the bottom of the list, it shows that the problem detected and repaired was a corrupt boot sector (according to Vista, anyway).

Repair Diagnostics

Click Close and then Finish, and the system will restart and boot into Vista.

Now we need to enable dualbooting with XP, and EasyBCD is the best application to achieve this.

Download and install EasyBCD.

Launch the app and go to Add/Remove Entries.

Under “Add an Entry” and under the Windows tab and select in the Version drop-down list “Windows NT/2k/XP/2k3”.

Change the Drive to E:\ and the name to “Windows XP”, then click “Add Entry” and “Save”.

Vista & XP - EasyBCD

Reboot the system and you’ll have two entries in the Vista bootloader, and can boot into either operating system.

Vista Bootloader

Removing Windows XP

If you eventually decide that dualbooting XP as the second OS isn’t all it’s cracked up to be, it’s pretty easy to undo the changes made.

Use EasyBCD to remove the Windows XP boot entry, and then go into Computer Management (right-click on Computer, Manage) and go to Disk Management.

Right-click E: drive (the Windows XP partition) and select Delete Volume.

Right-click the newly-created partition and select Delete Partition.

Then right-click the C: drive (the Vista system partition) and click Extend Volume – this opens up the Extend Volume Wizard.

Extend Volume Wizard

The wizard gives you a readout on how much space is actually available to extend the partition – enter in how much you want to use and press Next. Vista will extend the system partition to reclaim the disk and Windows is well and truly gone.

Fixing the corrupt bootloader

If the Windows XP bootload corrupts during the install, performing a reinstall won’t fix it, nor will going into the XP Recovery Mode and attempting to repair the MBR.

Luckily, the install was up to the stage where all you need to do is be able to boot from the Windows XP partition, and the install will pick up from where it left off.

To achieve this, follow the procedure outlined above to restore the Vista bootloader (under "Restoring Vista and Dualbooting").

This allows the system to boot into Vista, and then you can use EasyBCD to create an XP boot entry and boot into that to continue on with XP's installation. (For details on using EasyBCD, also see the section "Restoring Vista and Dualbooting".)

AuctionAds : Special Offer on This Month

2008-01-07T16:18:00.000+07:00

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Add Video in Post

2008-01-07T09:52:00.000+07:00

First of course times rill require to be prepared is video file. Between video file type permitted for posted AVI, MPEG, Quicktime, Real, and Windows Media. How with file 3GP? file type which often we keep in phone celular which we have. Why do not be referred ? then how when we have a 3gp file proper of disseminate to through blog?

For special like this, we need soft apparatus aid to altering it to acceptable file form of Blogger. Try googling with keyword " 3GP converter". Select which predict freeware so that do not be disturbed by side which is objection with digital copyright problem.

Difficult take choice ? Try 3GP Converter. This File can be downloaded in http://www.videohelp.../3GP_Converter. its light File size measure even also, only 3.48 MB.

After saving in local hardisk, we need it to be extracting file. Find file of Setup.Exe and double click for to installing. Hereinafter when is open of mini window with letter which do not understand, try just to change to English.

After that it attention column of him, there will be change in part of file configuraton type.

This time we try to select general : AVI, MPEG4 General Setting. Last depress apply. Continue.. will emerge new window like this.

First determine directory output. Let option QVGA Normal quality 15fps Mono at part of General:AVI, MPEG4 General Setting remain to be chosen. Then drag file 3GP in part of Drag&Drop here files. Let a moment await process take place. After finishing check in directory which have been determined previously. There are? ok...

Hereinafter we are posting AVI file in to post. Find icon of posting video () part of editor toolbar. After window of onthefly emerge,

Click knob of browse to look for file which is just we create. Put Name at Title Video. Do not forget to say the word assign at radio button " I agree with condition and Rule of Uploaded". When finishing to depress UPLOAD VIDEO. So return to editor of blogger, we might possibly enhance text konten when it is true needed. Depress To publicize Posting to terminate.

Microsoft Excel XP/2003/2007 - Zoom In Salah Satu Sel dalam Tabel Excel

2008-01-02T08:50:00.000+07:00

Defaultnya, tabel-tabel yang Anda buat dalam Microsoft Excel memiliki huruf yang tidak terlalu besar. Bagi pengguna Excel yang menggunakan kaca mata, hal ini tentunya dapat menyulitkan mereka untuk melihat angka-angka atau teks yang ada dalam salah satu sel di Excel. Bagaimana solusinya? Ikuti triknya berikut ini.

Tips : Bagi pengguna Excel yang indra penglihatannya masih sehat, tentunya tidak akan menemukan kendala berarti untuk melihat teks dan angka di dalam sel tabel Excel. Lain halnya dengan pengguna Excel yang berkaca mata atau sudah memiliki sedikit gangguan penglihatan. Biasanya, mereka akan melakukan proses zoom agar teks dan angka terlihat jelas. Namun, zoom tersebut mengakibatkan angka-angka dan teks di seluruh sel dalam tabel menjadi besar semua sehingga mempersempit tampilan tabel dalam layar monitor Anda. Padahal, yang dibutuhkan hanya angka atau teks dalam salah satu sel saja. Oleh karena itu, trik ini memperbesar tampilan pada satu sel saja (yang Anda pilih) pada sebuah tabel Excel.

Lebih jelas terlihat : Dengan fungsi zoom-in melalui makro, Anda bisa mengubah tampilan dari satu sel yang kurang jelas terlihat (gambar atas) menjadi lebih besar (bawah) sehingga data sel yang ada di dalamnya lebih jelas terlihat.

Trik ini menggunakan fungsi makro Excel. Oleh sebab itu, sebagai langkah awal Anda harus membuka program Visual basic Editor (VBE). Setelah membuka Microsoft Excel dari menu “Start”, buka program VBE melalui menu “Tools | Macro” (Excel XP/2003) atau menu "View | Macro". Selanjutnya, setelah VE terbuka, Anda klik “Insert | Module”. Sekarang, Anda salin list makro seperti yang tertera di bawah ini dengan benar pada jendela “Module”. Jika sudah, klik “Debug | CompileVBAProject”, lalu tutup progam VBE (untuk Excel XP /2003) sedangkan untuk Excel 2007 tinggal create Makro dengan nama ZoomCell dan simpan .

Sub ZoomCell()

Dim s As Range
Dim ZoomIn As Single
Set s = Selection
ZoomIn = 6

‘Get rid of any existing zoom pictures
For Each p In ActiveSheet.Pictures
If p.Name = “ZoomCell” Then
p.Delete
Exit For
End If
Next

‘Create a zoom picture
s.CopyPicture Appearance:=xlScreen, _
Format:=xlPicture
ActiveSheet.Pictures.Paste.Select
With Selection
.Name = “ZoomCell”
With .ShapeRange
.ScaleWidth ZoomIn, msoFalse, _
msoScaleFromTopLeft
.ScaleHeight ZoomIn, msoFalse, _
msoScaleFromTopLeft
With .Fill
.ForeColor.SchemeColor = 9
.Visible = msoTrue
.Solid
End With
End With
End With
s.Select
Set s = Nothing
End Sub

Langkah selanjutnya adalah membuat tombol shortcut yang bisa Anda letakkan di menu bar. Untuk mewujudkan hal tersebut, klik “Tools | Customize” dan aktifkan tab “Commands”. Di bagian “Categories”, pilih option “Macros”. Sementara di bagian sebelahnya, yaitu “Commands”, Anda drag option “Custom Button” lalu letakkan di dalam menu bar yang masih kosong (misalnya di samping menu “Help”). Kini, klik kanan tombol shortcut tersebut lalu pilih option “Assign Macro”. Di jendela “Macros” yang terbuka, klik ganda “ZoomCell” lalu klik “OK”.

Sampai di sini, sebenarnya tombol tersebut sudah bisa Anda gunakan. Namun, akan lebih menarik lagi jika nama dan icon tombol standar Anda ganti dengan nama dan icon yang lebih menarik. Masih dengan menu “Customize” yang terbuka, klik kanan tombol shortcut tersebut lalu aktifkan option “Image and text”. Klik juga “Change Button Image” dan pilih bentuk icon yang sesuai selera Anda. Sementara untuk mengganti teks, Anda ketik teks yang Anda suka di dalam bagian “Name”. Jika sudah, Anda bisa menutup menu “Customize”. Untuk mencobanya, Anda buka file Excel yang memiliki banyak tabel. Pilih salah satu sel lalu klik tombol shortcut yang baru saja Anda buat. Lihat hasilnya.

WAKTU YANG TERLUPA MENABUR BENCANA

2007-12-29T12:10:00.000+07:00

Distribusi normal manusia meninggal dunia (tahun)
Chart:

Rata-rata manusia meninggal dunia antara usia 60 thn-70thn (mayoritas)
Pukul rata manusia meninggal ± 65 th

Baligh: "Start untuk seseorang di perhitungkan amal baik atau buruknya selama
hidup di dunia”

Laki-laki Baligh ± 15 tahun

Wanita Baligh ± 2 tahun

Usia Yang tersisa untuk kita beribadah kepada-Nya kita pukul rata dengan rumus:

MATI-BALIGH= sisa USIA……………..65-15= 50 tahun

Gambaran kotornya:
Mari kita tela’ah bersama………!

Waktu kita tidur ± 8 jam/hari
Dalam 50 tahun waktu yang habis dipakai tidur 18250 hari x 8 jam= 146000 jam=16 tahun 7 bulan……
di bulatkan jadi 17 tahun

Logikanya: Alangkah sayangnya waktu 17 tahun habis di gunakan untuk tidur, padahal kita akan tertidur dari dunia untuk selamanya………………………………………………………
Catatan: Yang lebih bermasalah lagi bagi mereka yang tumor alias tukang molor bisa jadi 12 jam/hari =25 tahun habis tertidur!!! Hati-hati dengan penyakit “TUMOR”

Waktu aktivitas kita di siang hari ± 12 jam
Dalam 50 tahun waktu yang habis dipakai aktivitas:18250 hari x12 jam=219000 jam=25 tahun
Aktivitas disiang hari: Ada yang bekerja, atau bercinta, ada yang belajar atau mengajar, ada yang sekolah atau kuliah, ada yang makan sambil jalan-jalan, ada pula yang gambling sambil maling…
dan masih banyak lagi aktivitas lainnya yang tak pernah bisa disamaratakan satu dengan yang lain……..

Waktu aktivitas santai atau rilexsasi ± 4 jam
Dalam 50 tahun waktu yang dipakai rileksasi 18250 hari x 4 jam= 73000 jam = 8 tahun
Realisasi rileksasi: biasanya nonton tv sambil minum kopi, ada pula yang belajar mati-matian/bikin contekan habis-habisan buat ujian, atau mungkin dihabiskan termenung di buai khayalan……

17 tahun + 25 tahun + 8 tahun = 50 tahun Plus plos/Balance
Tidur……Ngelembur…Nganggur

Lalu kapan Ibadahnya??????
Padahal manusia diciptakan-Nya tiada lain dan tiada bukan untuk semua dan segalanya hanyalah beribadah kepada-Nya, karena satu hal yang pasti kita akan kembali ke alam hakiki illahi!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

“ Maut datang menjemput tak pernah bersahut
Malaikat datang menuntut untuk merenggut
Manusia tak kuasa untuk berbicara
Tuhan Maha Kuasa atas syurga dan Neraka”

Memang benar!!!!! kuliah itu ibadah, kalau niat kuliahnya untuk ibadah, lawong kita mah kuliah mau nyari ijazah, bakal nanti bekerjah agar mudah mencari nafkah……………………

Memang benar!!!!!!!!! Bekerja cari nafkah itu ibadah, tapi bekerja yang bagaimana? Orang kita bekerja sikut sanah sikut sinih, banting tulang banting orang, tujuan utamanya cari uang buat beli barang-barang biar dipandang orang-orang…..

“jarang orang menolak untuk di puji dan di puja tatkala mereka berjaya“

Pernah kita membaca bismillah saat hendak berangkat kuliah tapi sayang hanya sekedar pernah……………
Pernah kita berniat mulia saat hendak mencari nafkah, tapi semuanya terlupa ketika melihat gemerlapnya dunia…….

Lalu kapan ibadahnya??????????????
Oh mungkin saat sholat yang 5 waktu itu dianggap cukup………..!
Karena kita pikir; sholat begitu besar pahalanya, sholat amalan yang dihisab paling pertama, sholat jalan untuk membuka pintu syurga………
Kenapa kita harus cukup kalau ibadah kita hanyalah sholat kita!!!!!!

Berapa sholat kita dalam 50 tahun??????
1x sholat = ± 10 menit …..5x sholat ± 1 jam
Dalam waktu 50 tahun waktu yang terpakai sholat=18250 hari x 1 jam =18250 jam= 2 tahun

Kesimpulan: waktu yang kita manfaatkan dalam 50 tahun di dunia cuma 2 tahun untuk sholat…………
2 tahun dari 50 tahun kesempatan kita….itupun belum tentu sholat kita bermakna berpahala dan di terima..
Dan sekiranya sholat kita selama 2 tahun berpahala rasa-rasanya tidak sebanding dengan perbuatan dosa-dosa kita selama 50 tahun; dalam ucap kata kita yang selalu dusta, baik yang terasa maupun yang di sengaja, dalam ucap kata kita yang selalu cerca terhadap orangtua, dalam harta kaya kita yang selalu kikir terhadap orang faqir, dalam setiap laku langkah kita yang selalu bergelimang dosa…………………………

Logika dari logikanya:
Bukan satu yang tidak mungkin kita umat di akhir jaman akan berhamburan di neraka untuk mendapatkan balasan kelalaian……………………
Terlalu banyak waktu yang terbuang percuma selama manusia hidup di dunia dan semuanya itu akan menjadi bencana…………………….

Solusi:
Tiada kata terlambat walaupun waktu bergulir cepat, isilah dengan sesuatu apa yang bermanfaat!!!!!!!
Ingat Akhirat!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

"BUKAN SUATU PAKSAAN UNTUK DISEBARLUASKAN"
"SALING MENGINGATKAN SESAMA BUKANLAH HAL BINASA"

Terapi enam gelas air

2007-12-28T14:35:00.000+07:00

Tuhan telah memberi kita air yang banyak dan gratis. Tanpa mengeluarkan uang untuk obat-obatan, tablet, suntikan, diagnosa, upah dokter, dll. Hanya minum air minum, penyakit di bawah ini bisa disembuhkan. Anda tak akan percaya sebelum melakukannya. Di bawah ini daftar penyakit yang dapat disembuhkan oleh terapi ini :

Sakit Kepala * Asma # Hosthortobics

Darah Tinggi * Bronchitis # Kencing Manis

Kurang Darah * TBC Paru-paru # Penyakit Mata

Rematik * Radang Otak # Pendarahan di Mata &

Lumpuh * Batu Ginjal # Mata Merah

Kegemukan * Penyakit Saluran Kencing # Haid tidak teratur

Radang / Sakit persendian * Kelebihan Asam Urat # Leukimia

Radang Selaput Lendir * Mencret # Kanker Peranakan

Gangguan Jantung * Disentri # Kanker Payudara

Mabuk, Pusing, Gamang * Ambeien # Radang Tenggorokan

Batuk * Sembelit

Bagaimana Air Minum itu bekerja?

Meminum air minum biasa dengan metode yang benar, memurnikan tubuh manusia. Hal itu membuat usus besar bekerja dengan lebih efektif dengan cara membentuk darah baru, dalam istilah medis dikenal sebagai aematopaises. Bahwa mucousal fold pada usus besar dan usus kecil diaktifkan oleh metode ini, merupakan fakta yang tak terbantah, seperti teori yang menyatakan bahwa darah segar baru diproduksi oleh mucousal fold ini.
Bila usus bersih, maka gizi makanan yang dimakan beberapa kali dalam sehari akan diserap dan dengan kerja mucousal fold, gizi makanan itu diubah menjadi darah baru. Darah merupakan hal penting dalam menyembuhkan penyakit dan memelihara kesehatan, dan karena itu air hendaknya dikonsumsi dengan teratur.

Bagaimana melakukan terapi ini ?

Pagi hari ketika anda baru bangun tidur ( bahkan tanpa gosok gigi terlebih dahulu) minumlah 1.5 liter air, yaitu 5 sampai 6 gelas. Lebih baik airnya ditakar dahulu sebanyak 1.5 liter. Ketahuilah bahwa nenek moyang kami menamakan terapi ini sebagai “usha paana chikitsa”. Setelah itu anda boleh mencuci muka.

Hal sangat penting untuk diketahui bahwa jangan minum atau makan apapun satu jam sebelum dan sesudah minum 1.5 liter air ini.

Juga telah diteliti dengan seksama bahwa tidak boleh minum minuman beralkohol pada malam sebelumnya.

Bila perlu, gunakanlah air rebus atau air yang sudah disaring.

Apakah Mungkin Minum 1.5 Liter Air Sekaligus?

Untuk permulaan, mungkin akan terasa sulit meminum 1.5 liter air sekaligus, tapi lambat laun akan terbiasa juga. Mula-mula, ketika latihan, anda boleh minum 4 gelas dulu dan sisanya yang 2 gelas diminum dua menit kemudian. Awalnya anda akan buang air kecil 2 sampai 3 kali dalam satu jam, tetapi setelah beberapa lama, akan normal kembali. Menurut penelitian dan pengalaman, penyakit-penyakit berikut diketahui dapat disembuhkan dengan terapi ini dalam waktu seperti tertulis di bawah ini:

@ Sembelit – 1 Hari @ TBC Paru-Paru – 3 Bulan @ Kencing Manis – 7 Hari
@ Asam Urat – 2 Hari @ Tekanan Darah – 4 Minggu @ Kanker – 4 Minggu

Catatan :
Disarankan agar penderita radang/ sakit persendian dan rematik melaksanakan terapi ini tiga kali sehari, yaitu pagi, siang, dan malam satu jam sebelum makan – selama satu minggu, setelah itu dua kali sehari sampai penyakitnya sembuh.
Kami mohon dengan sangat, metoda diatas dibaca dan dipraktekkan dengan seksama. Sebar luaskanlah pesan ini kepada teman-teman, sanak saudara, dan tetangga – karena ini merupakan persembahan pada kemanusiaan. Dengan rahmat Tuhan, setiap orang hendaknya menjalani hidup sehat.

“BILAMANA ANDA BERPARTISIPASI DALAM PENYEBARAN INFORMASI INI ANDA BAGAIKAN SEORANG DOKTER YANG TELAH MENYEMBUHKAN BERIBU-RIBU BAHKAN BERJUTA-JUTA MANUSIA”.

Sumber

Prof. S Periasamy DIM & D ACC – Bohiraj Vedante Maharish Charity, Kantha Health And Research
Centre Karur 639006, TN India

PPH21's one year formula system

2007-12-22T09:45:00.000+07:00

PPH21 one year formula at Indonesia system

Variables
A = current month salary + total previuos month salary + THR (if there is)
B = total previous month of PPH + THR's PPH (if there is)
C = maximal expense position (Maksimal Biaya Jabatan) (1.296.000)
H = expense position (Biaya jabatan) (5%)
I = PPH21 (5%)

Formula
D = (A / current month) * 12 (according to year of working)
E = D * H
if E > C then E = C

F = D - (E + PTKP one year)

G = ((F * I) / 12) * current month

tax of current month = ( G - B )

RJ45 Network Cable colour formation

2007-12-21T11:21:00.000+07:00

The Pin Number at RJ45

Colour formation cable for Straight Thought Cable (Computer to Hub)
pin 1 - white orange
pin 2 - orange
pin 3 - white green
pin 4 - blue
pin 5 - white blue
pin 6 - green
pin 7 - white brown
pin 8 - brown

Colour formation cable for Crossover Cable (Computer to Computer)
pin 1 - white green
pin 2 - green
pin 3 - white orange
pin 4 - blue
pin 5 - white blue
pin 6 - orange
pin 7 - white brown
pin 8 - brown

Discription : both its back part if is parallel its is]same cable formation precisely

Manual Update of Antivir PE Classic

2007-12-21T10:09:00.000+07:00

Updating Avira Antivir Personal ( Free Edition) manually is that to downloading file of iVDF - Incremental Virus of Definition File-, a kind of virus data base.

Step by step to download iVDF filed and update Antivir shall be as follows :

1. downloaded VDF (Virus Definition File)

at dl.antivir.de/down/vdf/ivdf_fusebundle_nt_en.zip (untuk Antivir 7 XP & 2000)
or at dl.antivir.de/down/vdf/ivdf_fusebundle_9x_en.zip (untuk Antivir 7 98, 98 SE dan ME)

read this is description at www.avira.com/en/support/vdf_update.html

2. Click icon tray antivir existing is windows corner, usually the near by clock

3. after antivir appearance view, click “Update”

4. choose manual update

5. then view explorer bar to searhcing location where you save update antivir, then click “open”

6. later then remain to await its update process finish

Renewing Antivir PE Classic License

Renewing License Antivir PE Classic

2007-12-21T09:46:00.000+07:00

To you which is intalling Antivir ver.7 from downloaded master before oktober 2007, and you do not process automaticaly update throungh internet ( but use manual update of antivir), Then your Antivir PE's license will only go into effect to until 31 November 2007 . Afterwards, you cannot update ( both for automatically and also which is manual) because your license have is not valid.

Antivir Personal ver.7 license go into effect each every half year once. Likely Avira innovate its license each month April and November. When you use automatic update, usually this license is automatically innovated.

How to renewing license of Antivir personal of edition ?
Each Every month before license finished, avira always provide master of antivir with new license as well as provided a new license file.

There is two choice to license lengthen license :
1. Download new master, uninstall old master then installing the new master
2. Download License file, then copied to where directory antivir installed

To download all that file, opened avira site: www.free-av.com/antivirus/allinonen.html

(PCMAV) 1.0 RC23

2007-12-21T09:17:00.000+07:00

PC Media Antivirus (PCMAV) 1.0 RC23 + Update

PC Media's Antivirus 1.0 RC23 have opened at the same time risingly of Magazine of PC Media edition 01 / 2008. At this rilis, PCMAV can recognize 1.368 virus along with its variant which reported many and disseminate in Indonesia. Hereinafter discription this rilis can be read in Virusindonesia.Com.

Download (1,66 MB), pilih dari salah satu server berikut :

Ziddu.com | DivShare | Indowebster.com | Rapidshare

Package above have included PCMAV RC23 Update Build1. For the download of file update separately can be through following link:
- RC23 Update Build1: Ziddu.com | DivShare.com | Indowebster.com

Saving file of RC23.VDB in PCMAV RC23's directory. If downloaded from Indowebster, hopes to save with the name of RC23.VDB. File update this not applicable for the PCMAV OF previous version.

Addition Information [15/12/2007 09:48]
This following result of checking to files of PCMAV RC23 which is direct uploaded from DVD Magazine of PC Media and scanned by using service of Virustotal.Com.

PCMAV-CLN.exe | PCMAV-RTP.exe

PC Media Antivirus (PCMAV) 1.0 RC23
Copyright (c) 2007 PC Media Magazine, A member of Pinpoint Publications

(PCMAV) 1.0 RC22

2007-12-21T08:25:00.000+07:00

PC Media Antivirus (PCMAV) 1.0 RC22 (Cleaner dan RTP)

Concerning discription this rilis can be read in Virusindonesia.Com.

Prohibited to ossify to use and or exploit this program in business environment or institute which orienting profit without owning legal Magazine of PC Media figuring in it.

Download (1,49 MB), choose from any one server :

Ziddu.com | DivShare | Indowebster.com | Rapidshare

Update forPCMAV 1.0 RC22 (copied or inserted to PCMAV RC22's directory):

- RC22 Update Build4: Via DivShare.com, Files-Upload.com

or Indowebster.com
if download from Indowebster, it hope to save with RC22.VDB's name

Update[15-12-2007]:
PCMAV RC23 have made available. Click here to download.

PC Media Antivirus (PCMAV) 1.0 RC22
Copyright (c) 2007 PC Media magazine, A member of Pinpoint Publications

Incorporating Yahoo! Messenger into Blog

2007-12-19T10:23:00.000+07:00

Tahukan bahwa ada 3 gambar pilihan yang bisa digunakan sebagai penanda keberadaan online atau tidaknya kita melalui Yahoo! Messenger di web/blog kita?

Ini yang saya maksudkan :

Sebenarnya ada tips untuk merubah ukuran icon, yakni dengan merubah angka-angka yang berada di alamat HTTP tempat icon di opi.yahoo dimunculkan.Sebelumnya saya ingin memastikan bahwa alamat icon yang digunakan berasal dari sumber yang sama, yakni <img src="http://opi.yahoo.com/online?u=YourID&m=g&t=StyleID" border="0">....menemukan tautan yang sama?...kita lanjutkan bila kita merujuk ke alamat yang sama...

OK...ada StyleID disana...angka mana yang dimaksud? begini, saya yang memiliki icon kecil biasanya menggunakan angka 1 sebagai Style ID-nya...coba ubah angka ini untuk mendapatkan tampilan dan ukuran yang berbeda.Angka yang diperkenankan sebagai penggantinya hanya angka 1,2 dan 3.

Jadi apabila icon milik saya beralamat di : http://opi.yahoo.com/online?u=batusungi&m=g&t=1

maka saya bisa mengubahnya dengan ;

http://opi.yahoo.com/online?u=batusungi&m=g&t=2 (dimunculkan icon lebih besar) atau

http://opi.yahoo.com/online?u=batusungi&m=g&t=3 (dimuncukan tampilan icon lainnya)

untuk mendapatkan hasil yang berbeda.

Berikut beberapa kode untuk menautkan fasilitas Yahoo! di web/blog:

Kirim Instant Messenger
<a href="ymsgr:sendIM?YOURID">Kirim IM</a>

Kirim Instant Messenger dengan pesan
<a href="ymsgr:sendIM?YOURID&m=YOUR+MESSAGE">Kirim IM</a>

Menambahkan tautan ke room chat favorit
<a href="ymsgr:chat?ROOMNAME">Gabung ke chat room</a>

Menambahkan tautan hingga kita bisa di add sebagai teman
<a href="ymsgr:addfriend?YOURID">Masukan ke daftar teman kamu</a>

Jadi...kode yang ingin saya masukan ke blog saya dengan id batusungi
dan gambar no 1 hasilnya akan menjadi :

<a href="ymsgr:sendIM?batusungi"><img src="http://opi.yahoo.com/online?u=batusungi&m=g&t=1"></a>

Tag : ym status blogger, chatting dengan yahoo messenger, kode yahoo messanger, opi yahoo, menampilkan icon yahoo messenger online, link status ym di web, status online on my blog, ymsgr:sendim?id, tentang yahoo web messenger, masang yahoo messenger di blog, Yahoo! status icons.

Add URL to Yahoo and Google

2007-12-17T10:35:00.000+07:00

Setelah kita memiliki blog tentu yang perlu dilakukan selanjutnya adalah mengelola dan mempublikasinya. Mengelola berarti selalu melakukan pengkinian (updating) akan isi blog. Sedang mempublikasikan berada pada jalur menyebarkannya seluas mungkin agar banyak yang mengenal blog yang kita miliki.

Maka tak heran bila pertanyaan awal yang sering diajukan blogger pemula yang sadar akan pentingnya blog terindeks oleh mesin pencari adalah "bagaimana cara mendaftar ke Google/Yahoo?". Kedua mesin pencari yang disebut barusan adalah situs pencari rujukan paling terkemuka. Tentu banyak yang sudah memanfaatkan mesin pencari Google dan Yahoo kan? tentu pula sadar akan ampuhnya kemampuan mereka untuk menunjang publikasi blog yang lebih luas.

Untuk melakukan pendaftaran ke mesin pencari tadi, berikut cara yang bisa kita tempuh :

1. Mendaftar ke Google.
Buka alamat tautan berikut : http://www.google.com/addurl/
Masukan alamat URL, kata kunci (pada kolom Comments) dan masukan rangkain huruf untuk verifikasi. Terakhir klik tombol Add URL.

2. Mendaftar ke Yahoo.

Buka alamat berikut : https://siteexplorer.search.yahoo.com/submit
Namun persyaratannya untuk mendaftar ke Yahoo adalah kita harus memiliki akun Yahoo. Maka bila kita akan membuka alamat diatas akan diminta untuk masuk log (log in) terlebih dahulu.
Masukan alamat URL blog pada kolom seperti tertayang berikut :

Batu Gantung

2007-12-14T15:03:00.000+07:00

BUKTI KEBESARAN ALLAH SWT

ini foto dari teman saya sewaktu melawat Al Aqsa (yg sebenarnya) di Jerusalem, Subhanallah ...
foto ini bisa lolos karena tidak diketahui oleh pihak israel yg menjaga tempatnya dengan sangat ketat.

Bukti kebesaran Allah SWT batu tempat duduk Nabi Muhammad SAW Isra Mi'raj sampai kini masih tetap melayang di udara.
Pada saat Nabi Muhammad mau Mi'raj batu tsb ikut, tetapi Nabi SAW menghentakan kakinya pada batu tsb, maksudnya agar batu tsb tak usah ikut.
Kisah Isra Mi'raj Nabi Muhammad SAW tentang batu gantung tsb yang berada dalam masjid Umar (Dome of the Rock) di Lingkungan Masjidil AQSHA di Yerusalem.

Sampai sekarang Mesjid Dome of Rock ditutup untuk umum, dan Yahudi membuat Mesjid lain Al Sakhra tak jauh disebelahnya dengan Kubah "Emas" (yg sering terlihat di poster2 yg disebarkan ke seluruh dunia dimana2) dan disebut sebagai Al Aqsa, untuk mengelabui ummat Islam dimana Mesjid Al Aqsa yang sebenarnya, yang Nabi Muhammad SAW pernah sebutkan Al Aqsa sebagai "Mesjid Kubah Biru".
Saat ini Mesjid Al Aqsa yg sebenarnya sudah diambil alih oleh Israel, dan rencananya mau dihancurkan untuk diganti sebagai tempat ibadah mereka karena bersebelahan dengan tembok ratapan.

Scanned by Fortigate.orix.co.id

DEBU !!!!

2007-12-14T11:38:00.001+07:00

Hati-hati jika terkena debu di jalan atau dimana saja, ini telah terjadi pada seseorang.
Waktu dia jalan dia pikir kena debu, otomatis matanya dia kucek-kucek.

Setelah beberapa jam matanya agak merah, lalu dia beri obat tetes mata.
Setel! ah beberapa hari koq dibawah matanya masih merah dan agak bengkak.

Semakin hari dibawah matanya semakin bengkak, lalu dia pergi ke dokter
setelah di periksa dokter bilang harus dioperasi takutnya ada benjolan apa....??

Setelah dioperasi benjolan tersebut, maka keluarlah ulat....

Dimana awalnya dia pikir matanya terkena debu, namun ternyata telur ulat.
Makanya hati2x jika banyak debu, kalau sakit berkelanjutan hubungi dokter terdekat .

Terlampir adalah gambarnya .

Scanned by Fortigate.orix.co.id

MENGAPA KITA MEMBACA AL-QUR'AN, MESKIPUN KITA TAK MENGERTI SATUPUN KATA BAHASA ARAB .........

2007-12-07T08:32:00.000+07:00

Seorang muslim tua Amerika tinggal di sebuah perkebunan/area di sebelah timur Pegunungan Kentucky bersama cucu laki-lakinya. Setiap pagi Sang kakek bangun pagi dan duduk dekat perapian membaca Al-qur'an. Sang cucu ingin menjadi seperti kakeknya dan memcoba menirunya seperti yang disaksikannya setiap hari. Suatu hari ia bertanya pada kakeknya : " Kakek, aku coba membaca Al-Qur'an sepertimu tapi aku tak bisa memahaminya, dan walaupun ada sedikit yang aku pahami segera aku lupa begitu aku selesai membaca dan menutupnya. Jadi apa gunanya membaca Al-quran jika tak memahami artinya ?

Sang kakek dengan tenang sambil meletakkan batu-batu di perapian, memjawab pertanyaan sang cucu : "Cobalah ambil sebuah keranjang batu ini dan bawa ke sungai, dan bawakan aku kembali dengan sekeranjang air."

Anak itu mengerjakan seperti yang diperintahkan kakeknya, tetapi semua air yang dibawa habis sebelum dia sampai di rumah. Kakeknya tertawa dan berkata, "Kamu harus berusaha lebih cepat lain kali ". Kakek itu meminta cucunya untuk kembali ke sungai bersama keranjangnya untuk mencoba lagi. Kali ini anak itu berlari lebih cepat, tapi lagi-lagi keranjangnya kosong sebelum sampai di rumah. Dengan terengah-engah dia mengatakan kepada kakeknya, tidak mungkin membawa sekeranjang air dan dia pergi untuk mencari sebuah ember untuk menggati keranjangnya.

Kakeknya mengatakan : "Aku tidak ingin seember air, aku ingin sekeranjang air. Kamu harus mencoba lagi lebih keras. " dan dia pergi ke luar untuk menyaksikan cucunya mencoba lagi. Pada saat itu, anak itu tahu bahwa hal ini tidak mungkin, tapi dia ingin menunjukkan kepada kakeknya bahwa meskipun dia berlari secepat mungkin, air tetap akan habis sebelum sampai di rumah. Anak itu kembali mengambil / mencelupkan keranjangnya ke sungai dan kemudian berusaha berlari secepat mungkin, tapi ketika sampai di depan kakeknya, keranjang itu kosong lagi. Dengan terengah-engah, ia berkata : "Kakek, ini tidak ada gunanya. Sia-sia saja".

Sang kakek menjawab : "Nak, mengapa kamu berpikir ini tak ada gunanya ?. Coba lihat dan perhatikan baik-baik keranjang itu ." Anak itu memperhatikan keranjangnya dan baru ia menyadari bahwa keranjangnya nampak sangat berbeda. Keranjang itu telah berubah dari sebuah keranjang batu yang kotor, dan sekarang menjadi sebuah keranjang yang bersih, luar dan dalam. " Cucuku, apa yang terhadi ketika kamu membaca Qur'an ? Boleh jadi kamu tidak mengerti ataupun tak memahami sama sekali, tapi ketika kamu membacanya, tanpa kamu menyadari kamu akan berubah, luar dan dalam. Itulah pekerjaan Allah dalam mengubah kehidupan kamu.Sumber: Dari Email Teman

Mencegah Penyebaran Virus Flu Burung

2007-12-03T16:06:00.000+07:00

APA ITU “FLU BURUNG” ?
Flu brung, atau disebut juga Avian Influenza merupakan penyakit infeksi oleh virus influenza yang umumnya menyerang unggas (burung, ayam, bebek dan sejenisnya), tetapi dapat pula menyerang manusia. Virus ini telah menyerang ternak unggas di Indonesia sejak Oktober 2003, dilaporkan lebih dari 4 juta ekor unggas yang mati karena flu burung.
Flu burung kini menjadi penyakit yang hangat dibicarakan apalagi sejak adanya sejumlah korban manusia di Indonesia dan berbagai negara lain akibat terjangkit virus flu burung ini.

BAGAIMANA MANUSIA BISA TERTULAR VIRUS FLU BURUNG ?
Virus banyak terkandung dalam kotoran dan cairan tubuh unggas yang sakit flu burung. Sebagian besar kasus manusia yang tertular diakibatkan oleh adanya kontak langsung dengan unggas yang sakit.

GEJALA-GEJALA YANG DITIMBULKAN SEPERTI APA YA ?
Gejala pada unggas adalah jengger berwarna biru, borok di kaki dan kematian mendadak. Sedangkan pada manusia, gejala flu burung yang harus diwaspadai menyerupai gejala flu biasa. Gejalanya antara lain, berupa batuk pilek, demam di atas 38°C, nyeri otot, sakit tenggorokan, tidak nafsu makan, muntah, nyeri perut, diare dan sesak napas. Tetapi dapat berkembang menjadi lebih buruk bahkan menjadi radang paru-paru berat, susah bernafas atau sesak napas. Apabila mengalami gejala flu berat, segeralah ke dokter, jangan ditunda-tunda.

LALU BAGAIMANA CARA PENULARANNYA ?
Flu burung menualr dari unggas ke unggas dan dari unggas ke manusia. Penularannya melalui udara yang tercemar dari virus H5N1 yang berasal dari kotoran atau cairan tubuh yang keluar dari pernafasan, dan cairan yang keluar dari saluran cerna unggas yang menderita flu burung. Virus ini menular kepada manusia akibat kontak langsung dengan unggas yang sakit. Pada beberapa kasus, kemungkinan terjadinya penularan antar manusia kemanusia telah terjadi. Namun sampai sekarang belum ada bukti yang menyatakan bahwa virus flu burung dapat menular dari unggas ke manusia lewat makanan. Tapi tak perlu panik, karena virus ini akan mati terkena panas, sinar matahari dan desinfektan. Virus akan mati pada pemanasan 60°C selama 30 menit, atau 56°C selama 3 jam, virus juga mati terkena sabun detergent, desinfektan misalnya klorin (cairan pemutih), alkohol 70%, serta cairan yang mengandung iodine.

APA YANG HARUS DILAKUKAN UNTUK MENCEGAHNYA ?
Sayangya, hingga saat ini para ahli medis dari berbagai negara, belum menemukan vaksin untuk manusia dalam menangkal virus flu burung ini. Sehingga cara yang tepat untuk terhindar dari penyakit flu burung ini yaitu dengan mencegahnya. Ada banyak cara yang bisa dilakukan, bagi anda yang sering melakukan kontak langsung dengan unggas yang hidaup ataupun mati, seperti peternak atau pedagang, WHO manyatakan, mencuci tangan dan menggunakan pelindung diri seperti masker atau kaca mata pelindung (google), harus dilakukan. Selain itu, jangan lupa untuk selalu membersihkotoran dan kandang unggas setiap hari. Lakukan imunisasi terhadap unggas. Termasuk dalam golongan unggas adalah ayam, itik, bebek dan unggas yang dipelihara sebagai hobi seperti ayam bekisar, ayam bangkok, berbagai jenis burung hias. Sedangkan untuk masyarakat umum, sering-seringlah mencuci tangan dengan sabun terutama sebelum makan.

APAKAH AMAN MENGKONSUMSI AYAM DAN TELUR ?
Tak perlu kuatir makan telur atau daging ayam, asalkan sudah dimasak matang maka virus-virus tersebut sudah mati. Jangan makan daging ayam atau telur yang belum matang.

PENTINGKAH DAYA TAHAN TUBUH ?
Disamping cara-cara pencegahan di atas, meningkatkan daya tahan tubuh dengan menerapkan pola hidup sehat ikut berperan penting untuk mengurangi resiko terjangkitnya virus ini. Mengkonsumsi makanan sehat dan bergizi, berolahraga teratur, serta istirahat yang cukup,. Jangan lupakan sayuran dan buah-buahan yang banyak mengandung vitamin C dalam menu makanan sehari-hari anda. Karena vitamin C dapat membantu menjaga daya tahan tubuh.

Kesimpulannya, kiat untuk mencegah penularan flu burung adalah dengan menjaga kebersihan diri dan kebersihan lingkungan, serta menjaga daya tahan tubuh. Mewaspadai semua kotoran dan kandang unggas di sekitar anda yang memungkinkan terinfeksi virus flu burung. Makanan yang berasal dari unggas atau telur tetap aman, asal dimask dengan benar (matang). Makanlah makanan yang bergizi seimbang, banyak makan sayuran dan buah-buahan, bila perlu mengkonsumsi supplemen vitamin C untuk membantu meningkatkan daya tahan tubuh. Kini anda tak perlu lagi merasa dihantui oleh wabah flu burung ini.

Referensi:
situs Dep.Kes.RI http://www.depkes.go.id
situs WHO http://www.who.or.id
situs RSPI Prof.Dr.Sulianti Suroso http://www.infeksi.com

Virus Autoinfect via FlashDisk

2007-11-23T17:00:00.001+07:00

Script Autorun digunakan untuk menjalankan suatu file secara otomatis saat user akses ke suatu Drive atau saat user menghubungkan removable disk atau saat user memasukkan CD/DVD ke dalam CD/DVD ROM. Pada saat itu virus akan menyebar kan dirinya secara otomatis dan lebih cepat dibandingkan sebelumnya tanpa harus menunggu agar user menjalankan file virus tersebut secara manual. Cukup dengan mengakses ke FlashDisk tersebut atau mencolokkan ke komputer, maka virus langsung menginfeksi.

Salah satu cara yang efektif untuk mencegah penyebaran virus yang menggunakan metode ini adalah dengan men-disable fungsi Autorun/Autoplay pada drive/removable tersebut.

Untuk Disable Autorun/Autoplay dapat menggunakan beberapa cara, diantaranya: (jalankan hanya salah satu)
1. Disable Autorun/Autoplay melalui registry, caranya:
    • Buka Registry Editor
       Klik menu [Start | Run | pada dialog box RUN ketik regedit]
    • Browse ke alamat registry berikut
       HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer
       HKEY_USER\.DEFAULT\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer
    • Kemudian klik kanan pada string NoDriveTypeAutoRun

    • Isi value data dengan ff yang berarti fungsi Aturun/Autoplay akan dimatikan
       pada 255 drive

    • Klik Tombol [OK]
    • Keluar dari “Registry Editor”
    • Restart Komputer agar perubahan ini berjalan

2. Disable Autorun/Autoplay melalui Group Policy [GPEDIT.MSC], caranya:
     • Klik menu [Start]
     • Klik [Run]
     • Ketik GPEDIT.MSC pada kolom “RUN”
     • Setelah muncul layar “Group Policy” klik folder “System” pada menu
        “User Configuration” dan “Computer Configuration”
     • Pada kolom Setting, double klik “Turn off Autoplay”

     • Setelah muncul layar “Turn off Autoplay” properties, klik tabulasi [Setting] dan
        pilih opsi “Enable” pada menu “Turn off Autoplay” kemudian pilih “All Drive”
        pada kolom “Turn off Autoplay on”

     • Kemudian klik tombol “OK”
     • Klik “Close” untuk keluar dari layar “Group Policy”
     • Restart Komputer

Sumber : www.vaksin.com

Tanda-tanda Kiamat

2007-11-22T10:41:00.000+07:00

1) Penaklukan Baitulmuqaddis
Dari Auf b. Malik r.a. katanya,Rasulullah s.a.w telah bersabda:
"Aku menghitung 6 perkara menjelang hari kiamat." Baginda menyebutkan salah 1) diantaranya, iaitu penaklukan Baitulmuqaddis." - Sahih Bukhari

~ dah mulai kan?...

(kaum militan Yahudi sedang berusaha mengepung dan membakar masjid Al Aqsa. Palestina sedang mempertahankan. Mari kita berdoa untuk kejayaan dan kemuliaan Islam)

2) Zina bermaharajalela
"Dan tinggallah manusia2 yang buruk, yang seenaknya melakukan persetubuhan seperti himar (keledai). Maka pada zaman mereka inilah kiamat akan datang." - Sahih Muslim

~ Dah tampak kan?...

3) Bermaharajalela alat musik
"Pada akhir zaman akan terjadi tanah runtuh, rusuhan & perubahan muka."
Ada yang bertanya kepada Rasulullah; "Wahai Rasulullah bila hal ini terjadi?" Baginda
menjawab; "Apabila telah bermaharajalela bunyian (musik) & penyanyi2 wanita" -Ibnu Majah

~ S'pore Idol, Malaysian Idol, Akademi Fantasia, Audition dan macam macam lagi

4) Menghias masjid & membanggakannya
"Di antara tanda2 telah dekatnya kiamat ialah manusia bermegahan dalam mendirikan masjid" -
Riwayat Nasai.

~ terlihat sudah masjid2 besar tanpa jamaah...

5) Munculnya kekejian, memutuskan kerabat & hubungan dengan tetangga tidak baik
"Tidak akan datang kiamat sehingga banyak perbuatan & perkataan keji, memutuskan hubungan
silaturahim & sikap yang buruk dalam tetangga." - Riwayat Ahmad dan Hakim.

~ ada anak tak mengakui orang tua karena malu

6) Ramai orang soleh meninggal dunia
"Tidak akan datang hari kiamat sehingga Allah mengambil orang2 yang baik & ahli agama di
muka bumi,maka tiada yang tinggal padanya kecuali orang2 yang hina & buruk yang tidak
mengetahui yang makruf dan tidak mengingkari kemungkaran" - Riwayat Ahmad

~ boleh kita hitung berapa ulama besar yang tinggal.. .

7) Orang yang hina mendapat kedudukan terhormat
"Di antara tanda semakin dekatnya kiamat ialah dunia akan dikuasai oleh Luka' bin
Luka'(orang yang bodoh & hina). Maka orang yang paling baik ketika itu ialah orang yang
beriman yang diapit oleh 2 orang mulia" - Riwayat Thabrani

~ sudah banyak contoh dan tidak perlu disebut satu persatu....

8) Mengucapkan salam kepada orang yang dikenalnya sahaja
"Sesungguhnya di antara tanda2 telah dekatnya hari kiamat ialah manusia tidak mahu
mengucapkan salam kepada orang lain kecuali yang dikenalnya saja." - Riwayat Ahmad

~ Terkadang sesama muslim kenal pun tak bertegur sapa...

9) Banyak wanita yang berpakaian tetapi hakikatnya telanjang
Diriwayatkan dari Abu Hurairah r.a. "Di antara anda2 telah hari kiamat ialah akan muncul pakaian2 wanita & apabila mereka memakainya keadaannya seperti telanjang".

~ Pakaian zaman sekarang ini (tube, spaghetti strap, g-string etc etc)

10) Bulan sabit kelihatan besar
"Di antara tanda2 telah dekatnya hari kiamat ialah menggelembung (membesarnya) bulan sabit." - Riwayat Thabrani

~ Gak percaya lihat saja sendiri...

11) Banyak dusta & tidak tepat dalam menyampaikan berita
"Pada akhir zaman akan muncul pembohong2 besar yang datang kepadamu dengan membawa berita2
yang belum pernah kamu dengar & belum pernah didengar oleh bapa2 kamu sebelumnya, kerana
itu jauhkanlah dirimu dari mereka agar mereka tidak menyesatkanmu & memfitnahmu"
- Sahih Muslim -

~ coba baca majalah2 yang popular sekarang ini...

12) Banyak saksi palsu & menyimpan kesaksian yang benar
"Sesungguhnya sebelum datang-nya hari kiamat akan banyak kesaksian palsu & disembunyikan kesaksian yang benar." -Riwayat Ahmad

~ tengok ke peperangan Iraq

13) Negara Arab menjadi padang rumput & sungai
"Tidak akan datang hari kiamat sehingga negeri Arab kembali menjadi padang rumput & sungai2" - Sahih Muslim

~ Dubai dah turun salju... Mina dah kena banjir

Dari Abdullah bin 'Amr r.a., Rasulullah s.a.w. bersabda,
"Sampaikanlah pesanku biarpun 1 ayat..."

Capturing a Printer Port

2007-11-21T08:57:00.000+07:00

Capture Printer for MS-DOS based programs

for Windows 95 dan 98

Click Start
Select Setting
Select Printers
Right Click on the Network Printer to which you want to print
Select Properties
Select Details
Copy the path found in "Printer to the following port"
Select "Capture Printer Port"
Paste the path into "Path" field
Be sure "Reconnect at logon" is selected
Select OK all the way out to accept the changes

for Windows NT, 2000 and XP
Use the net.exe command to establish a persistent connection. To do this, use the following syntax at a command prompt

net use lptx \\printserver\sharename /persistent:yes

where x is the number of the printer port thet you want to map, where printserver is the print server sharing the printer, and where sharename is the name of the printer share.

For example, to map LPT1 to a printer shared as "laser1" on a print server named "prntsvr", follow these steps:

Click Start, and then click Run
In the Open box, type cmd, and click OK
Type: net use lpt1 \\prntsvr\laser1 /persistent:yes
to quit the command prompt, type exit, and then press ENTER

notes:

Enclose the computer name and /or printer share name in quotes if it contains spaces, e.g.: "\\acctg server\laser printer"
To disconnect persistent LPTx connections, use the following syntax: net use lptx /delete
In Windows XP, non-administrative users cannot map an LPT port to a network printer path when the LPT port exists on the computer as a physical parallel port.

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MENGAPA KITA MEMBACA AL-QUR'AN, MESKIPUN KITA TAK MENGERTI SATUPUN KATA BAHASA ARAB .........

Mencegah Penyebaran Virus Flu Burung

Virus Autoinfect via FlashDisk

Tanda-tanda Kiamat

Capturing a Printer Port